| Lactating women | Controls | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | RNI for lactating Women | 2nd day (n = 199) | 7th day (n = 195) | 30th day (n = 196) | 90th day (n = 173) | 2RNI for normal women | (n = 58) |
Energy (kcal) | 2600 | 2152 ± 52b | 2306 ± 49b | 2282 ± 36b | 2202 ± 28b | 2300 | 1431 ± 54a |
Protein (g) | 85 | 118.2 ± 4.0bc | 130.0 ± 3.2b | 126.2 ± 2.7b | 111.6 ± 2.0c | 70 | 80.1 ± 3.5a |
Fat (g) | 57.8~86.73 | 80.9 ± 2.7b | 94.8 ± 2.9c | 96.8 ± 2.3c | 102.5 ± 2.0c | 51.1~76.73 | 64.3 ± 2.5a |
Carbohydrate (g) | 357.5~422.54 | 238.4 ± 8.9b | 240.0 ± 8.2b | 234.9 ± 5.8b | 216.9 ± 3.8b | 316.3~373.84 | 136.8 ± 6.8a |
Dietary fiber (g) | 30.2 | 8.2 ± 0.6a | 10.4 ± 0.9ab | 10.3 ± 0.5bc | 14.0 ± 0.6d | 30.2 | 7.8 ± 0.6ac |
Vitamin A (μg RE5) | 1200 | 1620 ± 173b | 1304 ± 142bc | 1146 ± 129cd | 734 ± 60ad | 700 | 255 ± 85a |
Thiamine (mg) | 1.8 | 1.5 ± 0.07b | 1.5 ± 0.06b | 1.6 ± 0.05b | 1.7 ± 0.05b | 1.3 | 1.2 ± 0.07a |
Riboflavin (mg) | 1.7 | 2.9 ± 0.17bd | 3.2 ± 0.14b | 2.7 ± 0.11bc | 2.5 ± 0.11cd | 1.2 | 1.3 ± 0.10a |
Niacin (mg) | 18 | 37.7 ± 1.84b | 42.7 ± 1.48b | 37.8 ± 1.10b | 32.5 ± 0.75c | 13 | 21.4 ± 0.85a |
Vitamin C (mg) | 130 | 59.1 ± 5.61a | 68.7 ± 3.94ab | 77.1 ± 4.09b | 96.6 ± 4.44c | 100 | 68.3 ± 3.98ab |
Vitamin E (mg) | 14 | 41.3 ± 1.36 | 45.0 ± 3.21 | 41.1 ± 1.12 | 40.4 ± 1.15 | 14 | 39.3 ± 0.84 |
Folate (μg DFE6) | 500 | 441.6 ± 20.3b | 455.2 ± 16.5b | 470.0 ± 18.8b | 441.1 ± 29.3b | 400 | 286.8 ± 15.8a |
Calcium (mg) | 1200 | 428 ± 22a | 454 ± 18a | 595 ± 22b | 544 ± 17b | 800 | 404 ± 19a |
Iron(mg) | 25 | 34.7 ± 1.4b | 37.7 ± 1.3b | 34.8 ± 1.0b | 30.0 ± 0.7c | 20 | 21.6 ± 0.9a |
Zinc (mg) | 21.5 | 18.99 ± 0.79b | 20.8 ± 0.77b | 20.4 ± 0.59b | 21.3 ± 0.59b | 11.5 | 14.49 ± 0.68a |
Selenium (μg) | 65 | 145.3 ± 9.4bc | 163.0 ± 7.3c | 131.4 ± 5.8b | 97.8 ± 4.6a | 50 | 72.7 ± 5.8a |
Iodine (μg) | 200 | 162.2 ± 5.5b | 220.7 ± 11.8c | 214.6 ± 11.2c | 248.3 ± 15.7c | 150 | 200.3 ± 16.5bc |
DHA (g) |  | 0.24 ± 0.03ab | 0.29 ± 0.03b | 0.24 ± 0.02ab | 0.17 ± 0.01a |  | 0.13 ± 0.02a |