Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted percentage of women who experienced various symptoms of anxiety, symptoms of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, and of psychotic disorders, by exposure to intimate partner violence, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the respondent, partner’s characteristics, and exposure to domestic abuse in the parental household

Intimate partner violence

  No abuse (reference)

45.6

46.0

62.8

63.3

51.0

50.8

6.5

6.4

11.2

11.5

(43.9-47.3)

(44.3-47.7)

(61.1-64.6)

(61.6-65.0)

(49.3-52.7)

(49.1-52.4)

(5.7-7.4)

(5.6-7.2)

(10.1-12.3)

(10.4-12.7)

  Psychol. abuse only

49.0*

49.7*

67.0**

67.0*

58.5***

58.9**

8.3*

8.6**

13.9*

13.5

(46.4-51.6)

(50.8-56.2)

(64.7-69.4)

(64.6-69.4)

(55.9-61.1)

(56.4-61.5)

(6.7-9.8)

(7.0-10.2)

(12.0-15.7)

(11.7-15.3)

  Physical abuse (no sexual)

54.9***

53.5***

67.6**

66.6

58.0***

58.3***

9.3**

9.4***

15.7***

15.3**

(52.1-57.7)

(50.8-56.2)

(64.9-70.3)

(63.9-69.4)

(55.3-60.7)

(55.6-60.9)

(7.7-10.8)

(7.9-11.0)

(13.4-17.9)

(13.0-17.5)

  Sexual abuse¥

61.2***

59.3***

72.8***

71.8***

66.9***

65.5***

13.1***

12.4***

25.2***

24.0***

(56.9-65.5)

(55.1-63.7)

(68.5-77.1)

(67.6-76.0)

(62.4-71.4)

(61.1-69.9)

(9.9-16.4)

(9.2-15.6)

(21.0-29.3)

(20.1-27.9)

Respondent experienced physical abuse in childhood

  No (reference)

47.2

64.0

52.1

7.0

12.2

(44.9-50.9)

(61.8-66.1)

(49.9-54.4)

(5.7-8.3)

(10.6-13.8)

  Yes

49.9

65.9

56.1**

8.2

14.1

(48.4-51.4)

(64.4-67.3)

(54.7-57.5)

(7.4-9.0)

(13.0-15.2)

Respondent experienced psychological abuse in childhood

  No (reference)

49.3

64.8

55.3

8.0

14.0

(47.7-50.9)

(63.2-66.4)

(53.7-56.9)

(7.1-8.9)

(12.8-15.2)

  Yes

49.0

66.0

54.5

7.7

13.0

(47.1-50.9)

(64.2-67.8)

(52.6-56.3)

(6.7-8.7)

(11.7-14.3)

Respondent reports father beat her mother

  No (reference)

48.4

64.3

54.2

7.0

12.7

(46.6-50.2)

(62.6-66.0)

(52.3-56.0)

(6.1-8.0)

(11.3-14.1)

  Yes/Don’t know

49.8

66.2

55.6

8.5*

14.3

(48.0-51.2)

(64.6-67.8)

(53.9-57.4)

(7.5-9.5)

(13.1-15.4)

Region

  La Paz (reference)

53.3

69.9

54.3

6.9

13.5

(50.5-56.1)

(67.6-72.3)

(51.9-56.8)

(5.6-8.1)

(11.4-15.5)

  Chuquisaca

43.0**

60.7***

54.5

5.2

6.7***

(37.9-48.2)

(56.4-65.0)

(48.0-61.0)

(3.7-6.8)

(4.7-8.7)

  Cochabamba

50.8

66.4*

61.0**

11.3***

15.2

(48.1-53.6)

(63.3-69.5)

(58.0-64.0)

(9.0-13.7)

(13.3-17.2)

  Oruro

49.0

63.3**

50.1

6.5

6.8***

(44.5-53.4)

(59.5-67.2)

(44.6-55.6)

(4.7-8.3)

(4.8-8.8)

  Potosí

46.1

58.6***

45.8***

7.7

10.7

(41.5-50.6)

(54.6-62.5)

(42.2-49.3)

(5.5-9.7)

(8.2-13.2)

  Tarija

51.9

68.5

58.3

7.6

17.5*

(48.6-55.2)

(64.6-72.4)

(55.2-61.4)

(5.5-9.7)

(14.5-20.5)

  Santa Cruz

45.6***

64.8**

55.0

6.7

16.1

(43.0-48.1)

(61.8-67.7)

(52.1-57.9)

(5.4-8.0)

(13.8-18.4)

  Beni

46.3*

51.3***

58.6

11.6**

12.2

(41.0-51.7)

(45.9-56.6)

(54.2-63.0)

(8.3-14.8)

(9.4-14.9)

  Pando

44.3**

61.3**

59.6

12.9***

21.1**

(39.6-49.0)

(56.5-66.1)

(54.4-64.6)

(9.4-16.3)

(16.6-25.7)

Residence

  Urban (reference)

48.5

64.9

53.1

6.9

13.7

(46.5-50.5)

(62.8-66.9)

(50.7-55.4)

(5.8-8.0)

(12.2-15.2)

  Rural

50.1

66.0

58.0

9.0

13.4

(47.2-53.1)

(63.4-68.6)

(54.7-61.2)

(7.5-10.6)

(11.4-15.4)

Education

  None (reference)

53.1

69.4

61.1

7.5

11.3

(47.6-58.6)

(64.4-74.4)

(55.4-66.7)

(5.1-9.9)

(7.7-14.9)

  Primary

51.0

67.5

58.9

8.2

14.7

(49.0-53.0)

(65.5-66.7)

(56.7-61.1)

(7.2-9.3)

(13.2-16.3)

  Secondary

48.6

64.2

51.3**

7.5

13.1

(46.0-51.2)

(61.7-66.7)

(48.6-54.0)

(6.0-9.0)

(11.2-14.9)

  Higher

41.3**

58.2**

45.3***

6.8

10.9

(36.3-46.4)

(53.5-62.9)

(40.4-50.3)

(4.3-9.4)

(7.5-14.3)

SES

  First (reference)

50.1

66.6

57.9

9.1

11.5

(46.3-53.9)

(62.8-70.4)

(53.9-61.9)

(7.0-11.1)

(9.1-14.0)

  Second

49.2

66.9

52.4**

7.7

14.4*

(45.9-52.4)

(63.8-70.1)

(48.2-56.7)

(6.2-9.3)

(12.1-16.8)

  Third

51.4

67.2

55.3

7.9

15.1

(48.7-54.1)

(64.6-69.8)

(52.6-58.0)

(6.3-9.6)

(12.9-17.2)

  Fourth

49.1

65.3

55.2

6.5

14.3

(46.2-52.0)

(62.5-68.0)

(52.1-58.4)

(4.9-8.2)

(12.3-16.3)

  Fifth

45.8

60.8

54.0

7.8

12.0

(42.2-49.5)

(57.6-64.0)

(50.1-57.9)

(5.7-9.9)

(9.5-14.5)

Work status

  Not working (reference)

47.8

65.5

55.4

7.0

12.4

(45.7-49.9)

(63.4-67.6)

(53.3-57.4)

(6.0-8.1)

(11.0-13.8)

  Working

49.8

65.2

54.7

8.3

14.2*

(48.3-51.4)

(63.7-66.7)

(53.3-56.2)

(7.4-9.2)

(13.1-15.3)

Age

  15-24 (reference)

49.4

66.2

47.3

5.8

13.2

(44.9-53.8)

(61.8-70.6)

(43.1-51.5)

(6.8-8.5)

(10.3-16.0)

  25-34

50.1

65.5

54.8**

7.2

14.2

(47.7-52.4)

(63.3-67.7)

(52.5-57.2)

(6.1-8.3)

(12.6-15.7)

  35-44

47.1

64.5

57.4**

8.6

13.0

(44.4-49.8)

(62.0-67.1)

(54.7-60.1)

(7.1-10.1)

(11.1-14.9)

  45-49

51.5

65.4

59.8**

11.3*

13.9

(46.8-56.2)

(61.2-69.7)

(55.1-64.4)

(8.2-14.5)

(10.4-17.3)

Marital status

  Married (reference)

49.6

65.3

54.6

7.7

13.3

(48.0-51.3)

(63.5-67.1)

(43.0-56.2)

(6.8-8.5)

(12.2-14.5)

  Cohabiting

48.4

65.3

54.7

8.1

13.9

(46.3-50.4)

(63.1-67.5)

(54.5-57.5)

(6.9-9.4)

(12.4-15.4)

Partner’s age

  14-24 (reference)

50.5

67.2

54.8

9.7

18.8

(44.9-56.2)

(62.0-72.4)

(49.6-60.0)

(6.2-13.3)

(13.8-23.9)

  25-34

49.5

65.3

53.0

8.2

13.7*

(46.8-52.2)

(62.9-67.8)

(50.2-55.8)

(6.5-9.9)

(11.8-15.6)

  35-44

47.4

64.2

55.5

8.0

12.5*

(47.1-52.0)

(62.0-66.4)

(53.3-57.7)

(6.9-9.1)

(10.9-14.0)

  45+

47.4

66.1

57.3

6.8

12.7

(43.4-51.5)

(62.2-69.9)

(53.4-61.2)

(5.1-8.5)

(10.1-15.3)

Partner’s age, relative to respondent

  Same age or younger (ref.)

50.3

65.9

57.2

6.8

14.3

(47.7-52.9)

(63.4-68.4)

(54.8-59.6)

(5.6-8.0)

(12.6-16.0)

  1-5 years older

49.5

65.9

53.7*

7.7

12.8

(47.6-51.4)

(64.0-67.7)

(51.9-55.4)

(6.7-8.7)

(11.6-14.0)

  6+ years older

47.4

63.7

54.6

9.4*

14.0

(44.7-50.1)

(61.2-66.3)

(51.7-57.5)

(7.7-11.0)

(12.1-16.0)

Partner’s education

  None (reference)

47.9

63.7

53.2

7.0

16.9

(38.8-57.0)

(54.7-72.7)

(43.9-62.4)

(1.8-12.2)

(8.3-25.6)

  Primary

50.1

65.7

55.4

8.7

14.7

(47.6-52.7)

(63.5-67.8)

(53.0-57.8)

(7.4-10.0)

(13.0-16.4)

  Secondary

50.7

66.5

55.1

7.0

12.7

(48.5-52.8)

(64.3-68.8)

(53.0-57.1)

(6.0-8.1)

(11.1-14.3)

  Higher

43.8

62.3

53.8

7.0

12.3

(39.5-48.1)

(58.6-66.1)

(49.7-58.0)

(5.0-9.1)

(9.4-15.1)

Partner’s education compared to respondent

  Wife is more educated (reference)

47.9

63.6

55.2

7.5

12.2

(44.9-50.9)

(60.9-66.4)

(52.4-58.0)

(5.9-9.0)

(10.3-14.1)

  Same level of education

46.9

63.5

54.6

6.7

13.8

(44.4-49.4)

(61.0-65.9)

(52.1-57.0)

(5.4-8.0)

(12.0-15.5)

  Husband is more educated

50.6

66.8

55.0

8.4

14.1

(48.7-52.6)

(65.0-68.6)

(53.1-56.9)

(7.3-9.5)

(12.7-15.4)