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Table 5 Risk of breast cancers associated with different categories of HRT formulation or administration.

From: Breast cancer risk associated with different HRT formulations: a register-based case-control study

 

Ever use

Duration of use

   

1–4 years

5–9 years

10+ years

Formulation categories

e-cas/e-ctrl

Adj. OR (95% CI)

e-cas/e-ctrl

Adj. OR (95% CI)

e-cas/e-ctrl

Adj. OR (95% CI)

e-cas/e-ctrl

Adj. OR (95% CI)

A. Route of administration

        

oral

1053/2321

1.1 (0.99 – 1.3)

249/769

0.9 (0.7 – 1.1)

405/750

1.3 (0.7 – 1.1)

295/474

1.5 (1.2 – 1.9)

transdermal

211/650

0.8 (0.6 – 1.1)

60/212

0.7 (0.5 – 1.0)

81/189

1.1 (0.7 – 1.8)

52/161

0.9 (0.5 – 1.4)

other

94/307

0.7 (0.5 – 0.98)

23/98

0.5 (0.3 – 1.1)

24/78

0.6 (0.3 – 1.2)

28/81

0.7 (0.4 – 1.3)

Only – HRTs

        

Estrogen (exclusive)

368/1168

0.8 (0.7 – 1.0)

82/341

0.7 (0.5 – 0.97)

140/365

0.99 (0.7 – 1.4)

107/311

0.8 (0.5 – 1.1)

Progestagen (exclusive)

108/321

1.0 (0.7 – 1.4)

30/104

0.8 (0.4 – 1.5)

29/74

1.8 (0.9 – 3.7)

35/75

0.96 (0.5 – 1.8)

Combination – HRTs

        

Sequential formulations

546/1370

0.9 (0.8–1.1)

129/453

0.8 (0.6–1.1)

224/489

1.0 (0.8–1.3)

150/266

1.3 (0.96 – 1.9)

Continuous-combined

484/802

1.5 (1.2–1.8)

103/257

0.96 (0.7 – 1.4)

197/263

1.9 (1.4–2.6)

141/183

1.98 (1.4–2.9)

All E+P

916/1931

1.2 (1.0–1.3)

223/645

0.9 (0.7–1.0)

360/662

1.3 (1.0–1.6)

248/373

1.6 (1.2–2.0)

CEE/MPA combinations

        

CEE + MPA

87/192

1.1 (0.7–1.7)

26/72

0.8 (0.4–1.6)

37/56

1.3 (0.7–2.7)

14/40

1.1 (0.4–3.1)

CEE or MPA

359/890

0.9 (0.7–1.2)

54/263

0.6 (0.4–0.99)

133/305

0.9 (0.7–1.3)

135/222

1.2 (0.9–1.8)

No CEE, no MPA

806/1723

1.2 (1.0–1.4)

224/611

0.94 (0.8–1.2)

293/517

1.4 (1.1–1.7)

194/306

1.6 (1.2–2.2)

B. Formulation content

        

Estrogen type

        

Estriol (E3)

12/40

0.4 (0.1 – 1.5)

1/11

n.d.

1/9

n.d.

6/8

0.4 (0.1 – 2.6)

Estradiol (E2)

889/2015

1.0 (0.9–1.2)

218/694

0.8 (0.7–1.0)

346/622

1.3 (1.1–1.4)

241/417

1.4 (1.1–1.7)

Ethinylestradiol (EE)*

11/41

0.8 (0.3–2.4)

4/15

n.d

4/6

n.d.

3/16

n.d.

Conjugated equine estrogens (CEE)

395/934

1.0 (0.8–1.2)

63/273

0.7 (0.5–1.0)

154/321

0.9 (0.7–1.3)

137/243

1.4 (0.98–2.0)

Progestin type

        

Norethindrone acetate (NETA)

529/1037

1.2 (0.99–1.4)

114/346

0.8 (0.6–1.1)

209/338

1.4 (1.1–1.9)

157/218

1.9 (1.3–2.6)

Norgestrel (NG)

21/67

0.9 (0.4–2.2)

4/13

n.d.

7/28

0.6 (0.1–2.9)

6/19

0.7 (0.1–4.2)

LNG

290/562

1.3 (0.98–1.6)

69/177

1.2 (0.8–1.9)

131/227

1.4 (0.99–2.0)

69/109

1.3 (0.8–2.3)

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)

138/340

0.96 (0.7–1.3)

43/134

0.8 (0.4–1.3)

53/96

1.3 (0.7–2.3)

26/59

0.8 (0.4–1.7)

CMA

33/96

0.8 (0.5–1.5)

13/32

1.1 (0.4–3.1)

3/18

n.d.

12/21

0.7 (0.2–2.0)

CPA

33/116

0.6 (0.4–1.1)

11/54

0.5 (0.2–1.3)

11/22

1.2 (0.4–3.4)

7/18

0.6 (0.1–2.7)

Medrogestone

141/434

0.7 (0.5–1.0)

16/117

0.5 (0.2–0.9)

55/172

0.5 (0.3–0.9)

60/107

1.3 (0.8–2.2)

Dydrogesterone

9/51

0.5 (0.2–1.2)

2/20

n.d.

3/9

n.d.

2/12

n.d.

Progesterone

7/33

1.4 (0.4–4.4)

4/12

n.d.

1/6

n.d.

1/5

n.d.

Dienogest

10/24

0.9 (0.2–3.4)

1/12

n.d.

4/5

n.d.

3/3

n.d.

Tibolone

17/61

0.8 (0.3–2.1)

7/21

1.8 (0.4–8.3)

5/16

0.98 (0.1–7.9)

3/19

n.d.

  1. The categories are not mutually exclusive – (see text). Conditional logistic regression: Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI); adjusted for age and residency. No OR was calculated if the frequency of exposed cases or controls was less than 5 women. This applied for use of HRTs containing desogestrel, lynestrenol, hydroxyprogesterone, and raloxifene. Only the index date 0.5 years is depicted in this table.
  2. n.d. = no data.
  3. * = in oral contraceptives used as HRT
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