Table 1 Study population characteristics among the breast cancer patients and healthy participants
Variables | Control (n = 267) | Case (n = 134) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | |||
    Age (year) | 47.1 ± 10.0 | 49.5 ± 10.7 | 0.035 |
    First pregnancy age (year) | 18.2 ± 7.4 | 19.6 ± 8.6 | 0.040 |
    Body mass index (Kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 5.4 | 30.1 ± 5.7 | 0.071 |
    Physical activity (MET/min/week) | 32.7 ± 5.2 | 32.9 ± 5.4 | 0.701 |
    Menopausal status (yes, %) | 42.7 | 53.7 | 0.037 |
    Cancer family history (yes, %) | 20.6 | 30.6 | 0.028 |
    Anti-inflammatory drug (yes, %) | 17.2 | 7.5 | 0.007 |
    Vitamin D supplement intake (yes, %) | 24.3 | 14.9 | 0.029 |
    Education level (Bachelor and higher, %) | 14.6 | 19.4 | 0.178 |
    Occupation (employed, %) | 20.6 | 17.2 | 0.442 |
    Family size (> 4 members, %,) | 55.4 | 56.7 | 0.807 |
    Socio economic status (%) |  |  | 0.531 |
    Low (%) | 37.1 | 38.1 |  |
    Middle (%) | 43.8 | 37.3 |  |
    High (%) | 18.7 | 21.6 |  |
Dietary intakes | Â | Â | Â |
    Energy intake (Kcal/d) | 2753 ± 798 | 2562 ± 612 | 0.015 |
    Carbohydrate (% of energy) | 53.0 ± 6.4 | 52.4 ± 6.1 | 0.437 |
    Refined CHO (% of energy) | 23.8 ± 8.0 | 24.3 ± 7.8 | 0.584 |
    Non-refined CHO (% of energy) | 30.9 ± 8.0 | 29.8 ± 8.1 | 0.215 |
    Protein (% of energy) | 12.7 ± 2.1 | 12.4 ± 2.0 | 0.100 |
    Animal protein (% of energy) | 7.0 ± 2.4 | 6.8 ± 2.2 | 0.357 |
    Plant protein (% of energy) | 5.9 ± 1.1 | 5.6 ± 1.1 | 0.023 |
    Fat (% of energy) | 34.3 ± 6.7 | 35.2 ± 6.6 | 0.213 |
    Animal fat (% of energy) | 11.4 ± 4.4 | 11.2 ± 3.5 | 0.684 |
    Plant fat (% of energy) | 19.2 ± 7.9 | 20.3 ± 7.5 | 0.171 |
    High protein low CHO- fat score | 16.8 ± 3.8 | 15.9 ± 3.9 | 0.026 |
    High protein-CHO, and low-fat score | 16.9 ± 6.8 | 15.7 ± 6.6 | 0.087 |
    High protein-fat, and low CHO score | 16.5 ± 6.0 | 16.5 ± 5.7 | 0.959 |