Characteristic | VLBW (N = 86) mean (SD) | term (N = 101) mean (SD) | P Value a |
---|---|---|---|
Birth | |||
Birth weight, g | 1125 (232) | 3569 (474) | < 0.0001 |
Gestational age, wk | 29.4 (2.4) | 40.3 (1.1) | < 0.0001 |
Standard deviation score for birth weight | -1.35 (1.60) | 0.08 (1.04) | < 0.0001 |
SGAb, n (%) | 21 (24.4%) | 0 | < 0.0001 |
Maternal preeclampsiac, n (%) | 19 (22.0%) | 6 (5.9%) | 0.001 |
Twin, n (%) | 13 (15.1%) | 0 | < 0.0001 |
Triplet, n (%) | 4 (4.7%) | 0 | < 0.0001 |
Parental | |||
Maternal smoking during pregnancy, n (%) | 15 (17.4%) | 13 (12.9%) | 0.4 |
Highest education of either parentd, n (%) | 0.2 | ||
Elementary | 12 (14.0%) | 9 (8.9%) | |
High school | 20 (23.3%) | 16 (15.8%) | |
Intermediate | 32 (37.2%) | 36 (35.6%) | |
University | 22 (25.6%) | 39 (38.6%) | |
Current | |||
Age, y | 22.4 (2.1) | 22.6 (2.3) | 0.5 |
Height, cm | 162.0 (7.6) | 165.8 (13.5) | 0.02 |
Weight, kg | 58.3 (11.8) | 63.8 (10.9) | 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.1 (3.7) | 22.7 (3.7) | 0.2 |
Daily smoking, n (%) | 19 (22.1%) | 30 (29.7%) | 0.2 |
Menarche, y | 12.7 (1.5) | 12.4 (1.4) | 0.1 |
Regular menstrual cyclee, n (%) | 51 (65.4%) | 60 (65.9%) | 0.9 |
Duration of menorrheaf, d | 5.7 (2.8) | 5.1 (1.8) | 0.07 |
Hormonal contraception, n (%) | 42 (48.8%) | 56 (55.4%) | 0.4 |
Contraceptive pills | 37 (43.0%) | 48 (47.5%) | |
Hormone releasing intrauterine device | 2 (2.3%) | 2 (2.0%) | |
Implantable contraceptive | 0 | 1 (1.0%) | |
Other or unknown type of hormonal contraception | 3 (3.5%) | 5 (5.0%) | |
Treatment for mental disorders during previous three monthsg, n(%) | 11 (12.8%) | 6 (5.9%) | 0.1 |
Depression | 6 (7.0%) | 5 (5.0%) | 0.8 |
Anxiety or panic disorder | 9 (10.5%) | 5 (5.0%) | 0.2 |
Eating disorder | 3 (3.5%) | 1 (1.0%) | 0.2 |
Obsessive-compulsive disorder | 0 | 1 (1.0%) |