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Table 3 Isoflavone and total phytoestrogen intake and ovarian cancer risk in the NJ Ovarian Cancer Study.

From: Phytoestrogen consumption from foods and supplements and epithelial ovarian cancer risk: a population-based case control study

 

Cases

(n)

Controls

(n)

OR1

95% CI

OR2

95% CI

FROM FOOD

      

Daidzein (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 20.25)

58

129

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (20.25-144.07)

86

131

1.29

0.81-2.06

1.34

0.83-2.16

   3 (≥ 144.08)

61

130

0.80

0.48-1.31

0.88

0.53-1.46

   p for trend

  

0.10

 

0.21

 

Genistein (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 40.46)

62

129

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (40.46-247.85)

82

132

1.17

0.74-1.86

1.22

0.76-1.96

   3 (≥ 247.86)

61

129

0.75

0.46-1.23

0.83

0.50-1.38

   p for trend

  

0.09

 

0.21

 

Formononetin (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 3.90)

78

130

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (3.90-6.80)

75

130

1.01

0.64-1.59

1.02

0.64-1.62

   3 (≥ 6.81)

52

130

0.69

0.42-1.14

0.72

0.43-1.22

   p for trend

  

0.11

 

0.17

 

Glycitein (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 2.14)

67

130

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (2.14-9.17)

72

131

0.98

0.62-1.57

0.95

0.59-1.53

   3 (≥ 9.18)

66

129

0.74

0.46-1.21

0.80

0.48-1.33

   p for trend

  

0.18

 

0.38

 

Total Isoflavones (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 70.06)

61

129

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (70.06-404.66)

83

132

1.20

0.76-1.92

1.24

0.77-2.00

   3 (≥ 404.67)

61

129

0.78

0.48-1.27

0.86

0.52-1.42

   p for trend

  

0.11

 

0.24

 

Matairesinol (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 2.82)

69

129

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (2.82-4.22)

69

131

1.05

0.66-1.67

1.00

0.68-1.78

   3 (≥ 4.23)

67

130

1.41

0.88-2.27

1.58

0.97-2.58

   p for trend

  

0.14

 

0.06

 

Lariciresinol (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 27.17)

80

130

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (27.17-40.01)

68

131

0.99

0.62-1.57

1.04

0.65-1.66

   3 (≥ 40.02)

57

129

0.98

0.60-1.59

1.06

0.64-1.74

   p for trend

  

0.93

 

0.83

 

Pinoresinol (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 18.08)

84

129

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (18.08-28.50)

62

132

0.76

0.48-1.20

0.80

0.50-1.29

   3 (≥ 28.51)

59

129

0.92

0.58-1.48

0.97

0.59-1.58

   p for trend

  

0.78

 

0.94

 

Secoisolariciresinol mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 193.64)

63

130

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (193.64-624.92)

84

131

1.27

0.80-2.01

1.33

0.83-2.13

   3 (≥ 624.93)

58

129

1.12

0.69-1.80

1.11

0.68-1.81

   p for trend

  

0.81

 

0.90

 

Total lignans (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 271.22)

67

129

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (271.22-704.75)

79

131

1.21

0.77-1.91

1.23

0.77-1.97

   3 (≥ 704.76)

59

130

1.12

0.70-1.79

1.10

0.68-1.79

   p for trend

  

0.77

 

0.84

 

Total phytoestrogens (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 532.28)

80

130

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (532.28-1287.81)

68

131

0.79

0.50-1.25

0.73

0.46-1.16

   3 (≥ 1287.82)

57

129

0.68

0.42-1.08

0.73

0.45-1.19

   p for trend

  

0.12

 

0.29

 

FROM FOOD and SUPPLEMENTS

      

Daidzein (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 21.40)

59

130

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (21.40-167.32)

90

131

1.35

0.85-2.15

1.40

0.87-2.26

   3 (≥ 167.33)

56

129

0.73

0.44-1.21

0.82

0.49-1.38

   p for trend

  

0.03

 

0.10

 

Genistein (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 41.14)

60

130

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (41.14-275.32)

86

131

1.25

0.78-1.99

1.31

0.82-2.11

   3 (≥ 275.33)

59

129

0.82

0.50-1.34

0.92

0.55-1.54

p for trend

  

0.14

 

0.34

 

Glycitein (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 2.17)

67

129

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (2.17-11.64)

77

132

1.00

0.63-1.58

0.96

0.60-1.54

   3 (≥ 11.65)

61

129

0.70

0.43-1.15

0.76

0.46-1.25

   p for trend

  

0.11

 

0.24

 

Total Isoflavones (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 71.80)

60

130

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (71.80-497.97)

86

130

1.29

0.81-2.05

1.35

0.84-2.17

   3 (≥ 497.98)

59

130

0.78

0.47-1.28

0.88

0.53-1.46

   p for trend

  

0.08

 

0.21

 

Total phytoestrogens (mcg/1000 kcal)

      

   1 (< 534.35)

79

130

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2 (534.35-1395.56)

74

130

0.88

0.56-1.38

0.82

0.52-1.30

   3 (≥ 1395.57)

52

130

0.62

0.38-1.00

0.66

0.41-1.08

   p for trend

  

0.04

 

0.11

 
  1. OR1: adjusted for age (continuous), education, race, age at menarche (continuous), menopausal status, parity, OC use, HRT use, BMI (continuous), tubal ligation, and total calories (see methods for more details).
  2. OR2: further adjusted for physical activity (METs for average hours of strenuous or moderate recreational activities per week) and smoking (smoking status and pack-years for current & past smokers). Further adjustment for alcohol intake did not change risk estimates