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Table 1 Woman's and husband's characteristics in relation to exposure to physical and sexual violence, crude and adjusted odds ratios (95% CI).

From: Behind the silence of harmony: risk factors for physical and sexual violence among women in rural Indonesia

 

Characteristic of woman and her husband

All women

N = 765

Physical violence

n = 84

Sexual violence

n = 165

   

OR

(CI 95%)

AOR1

(95% CI)

OR

(CI 95%)

AOR2

(CI 95%)

Woman's age

> 35 years

216 (28%)

1

 

1

 
 

≤ 35 years

549 (72%)

0.92

(0.56-1.52)

 

0.89

(0.61-1.29)

 

Woman's education

> 9 years

305 (40%)

1

 

1

 
 

≤ 9 years

460 (60%)

0.92

(0.58-1.46)

 

1.38

(0.96-1.98)

 

Woman's economic independency

No own income

609 (80%)

1

 

1

 
 

Has own income

156 (20%)

0.69

(0.37-1.27)

 

1.71*

(1.15-2.55)

1.65*

(1.08-2.52)

Children

1

134 (18%)

1

 

1

 
 

≥ 2

631 (82%)

1.07

(0.59-1.97)

 

0.9

(0.58-1.41)

 

Geographical area

Lowland

432 (57%)

1

 

1

 
 

Highland

330 (43%)

0.97

(0.62-1.54)

 

2.04*

(1.44-2.9)

0.53

(0.37-0.76)

Husband's age

> 35 years

410 (54%)

1

 

1

 
 

≤ 35 years

355 (46%)

1.17

(0.74-1.84)

 

1.65*

(1.17-2.34)

1.71*

(1.19-2.47)

Husband's education

> 9 years

254 (33%)

1

 

1

 
 

≤ 9 years

511 (67%)

0.99

(0.62-1.62)

 

1.96*

(1.31-2.93)

2.07*

(1.36-3.17)

Husband's type of work

Non Agricultural

345 (45%)

1

 

1

 
 

Agricultural

420 (55%)

1.94 *

(1.19-3.16)

1.47

(0.85-2.54)

0.8

(0.57-1.14)

 

Husband stole her money

Never

750 (98%)

1

 

1

 
 

Yes, Once or more

15 (2%)

5.73*

(1.99-16.5)

2.84

(0.64-12.6)

1.83

(0.62-5.44)

 

Husband share his income

Yes

726 (95%)

1

 

1

 
 

No

39 (5%)

2.56*

(1.19-5.68)

0.95

(0.33-2.71)

2.68*

(1.38-5.20)

1.96

(0.96-4.00)

Husband has other woman

No

726 (95%)

1

 

1

 
 

Yes

39 (5%)

13.8*

(6.97-27.39)

8.15*

(3.64-18.3)

3.36*

(1.74-6.47)

2.31*

(1.09-4.88)

Husband drinks alcohol

No

722 (94%)

1

 

1

 
 

Yes

43 (6%)

9.95*

(5.19-19.1)

5.39*

(2.46-11.8)

2.52*

(1.33-4.77)

1.81

(0.88-3.73)

Husband witnessed his mother being hit as a child

No

749 (98%)

1

 

1

 
 

Yes

16 (2%)

15.2*

(5.36-42.39)

11.6*

(3.56-38.0)

2.89*

(1.06-7.89)

1.93

(0.63-5.87)

Husband involved in fights with other men

No

737 (96%)

1

 

1

 
 

Yes

25 (4%)

6.05*

(2.62-14.0)

5.16*

(1.96-13.5)

2.1

(0.91-4.85)

-

  1. 1Adjusted for the variables Husband's type of work, Husband stole her money, Husband share his income, Husband has other woman, Husband drink alcohol, Husband witnessed his mother being hit as a child, Husband involved in fights with other men.
  2. 2Adjusted for the variables Women's economic independence, Geographical area, Husband's age, Husband's education, Husband share his income, Husband has other woman, Husband drinks alcohol, Husband witnessed his mother being hit as a child.