From: Ways of coping with premenstrual change: development and validation of a premenstrual coping measure
Category | Item |
---|---|
Looking after the body | I make more of an effort to eat healthy food |
I eat less sugary foods | |
I eat more sugary foods | |
I increase my alcohol consumption | |
I decrease my alcohol consumption | |
I increase my sexual activity | |
I decrease my sexual activity | |
I exercise more | |
I exercise less | |
I take vitamins or minerals | |
I use alternative forms of treatment e.g. naturopathy, acupuncture, | |
I take prescribed medication | |
I take over the counter medicine for pain relief e.g. paracetamol | |
Planning | I refer to a calendar or diary to know when I will be premenstrual |
I use a mobile app or online tool to track when I will be premenstrual | |
Self-care | I allow myself extra time to rest |
I do things to make myself more comfortable | |
I take time to focus on my own needs | |
I focus less on the needs of others | |
I make time to do things that I enjoy | |
I spend time doing things that help me relax e.g. have a bath, massage, read a book | |
I take time out from my usual responsibilities | |
I give myself permission to let go of the usual demands I place on myself | |
Social support and communication | I tell others about how I am feeling |
I ask for help from others | |
I feel confident to tell people how I feel | |
I feel confident to tell people what I need | |
Avoiding harm to self | I avoid thinking about things that I know annoy me |
I avoid having conversations that are liable to upset me | |
I avoid raising topics that have the potential to create conflict | |
I raise issues that I usually keep to myself | |
I try to avoid dealing with difficult family issues | |
I avoid people that have the potential to provoke me | |
I avoid situations that have the potential to provoke me | |
I avoid situations where I know I will feel vulnerable | |
I remove myself from a situation if it starts to provoke me | |
Acceptance | I believe that my premenstrual changes are a normal part of a woman’s experience |
I know that other women go through this | |
I see positive aspects to my premenstrual change | |
I think it is okay to be feeling differently when I am premenstrual | |
I think it is okay to be more emotional or sensitive when I am premenstrual | |
I think it is okay that my physical needs may be different when I am premenstrual | |
I think that what I feel like doing shouldn’t change when I am premenstrual | |
I accept my changeable moods | |
Awareness | I am aware of my bodily changes |
I am aware of my emotional changes | |
I am aware that my premenstrual changes are only temporary. | |
I am aware of things that ‘trigger’ me when I am premenstrual | |
I know what I need to do to support myself | |
I know when I am beginning to feel ‘premenstrual’ | |
Emotional regulation | I try to keep my emotions under control |
I openly express increased feelings of anger, frustration or irritability | |
I vent my feelings through emotional outbursts | |
I try not to express how I am feeling | |
I don’t express my feelings in the heat of the moment but talk about my feelings later when I feel calmer | |
I am able to express my anger or irritation without blaming others | |
I use positive self-talk | |
I challenge my negative thoughts | |
Desire to be alone | I take time to be on my own |
I enjoy doing things on my own | |
I withdraw from others | |
I communicate with others about my need to be on my own | |
I decrease my social activities | |
I increase my social activities |