Variable | Ā | Not sexually experienced (nā=ā351) | Sexually experienced (nā=ā124) | Ā |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ā | Items | MeanāĀ±āSD | t( p) | |
Behavioural attitudes | Ā | Ā | Ā | |
1) Pap testing is helpful for early detection of cervical cancer | 3.27āĀ±ā0.55 | 3.38āĀ±ā0.62 | 3.34 (0.068) | |
2) Pap testing is effective for curing cervical cancer | 3.13āĀ±ā0.53 | 3.17āĀ±ā0.65 | 0.57 (0.452) | |
3) Pap testing is helpful for health management | 3.20āĀ±ā0.53 | 3.25āĀ±ā0.62 | 0.68 (0.411) | |
4) Pap testing makes me confident about my health status | 3.15āĀ±ā0.55 | 3.17āĀ±ā0.63 | 0.09 (0.766) | |
5) Pap testing is reliable for diagnosing cervical cancer | 3.11āĀ±ā0.55 | 3.19āĀ±ā0.61 | 2.19 (0.140) | |
Ā | Subtotal | 15.86āĀ±ā2.13 | 16.16āĀ±ā2.60 | 1.65 (0.199) |
Subjective norms | Ā | Ā | Ā | |
1) Family and friends think Pap testing is necessary for detecting cervical cancer | 3.09āĀ±ā0.70 | 3.15āĀ±ā0.75 | 0.68 (0.412) | |
2) Family and friends think Pap testing is necessary for detecting cervical cancer for me | 2.56āĀ±ā0.93 | 2.58āĀ±ā0.84 | 0.05 (0.830) | |
3) I take notice of the opinions of family and friends | 2.94āĀ±ā0.67 | 2.76āĀ±ā0.73 | 6.56 (0.011) | |
Ā | Subtotal | 8.59āĀ±ā1.81 | 8.47āĀ±ā1.84 | 0.40 (0.528) |
Perceived behavioural control | Ā | Ā | Ā | |
1) I am reluctant to be examined by a male doctor | 3.32āĀ±ā0.70 | 3.17āĀ±ā0.81 | 3.86 (0.05) | |
2) I am uncomfortable asking what I want to know | 2.67āĀ±ā0.73 | 2.49āĀ±ā0.88 | 5.00 (00.26) | |
3) I do not find it easy to speak honestly about sexual matters | 2.76āĀ±ā0.72 | 2.68āĀ±ā0.85 | 0.96 (0.328) | |
4) I do not have time to visit a clinic for an examination | 2.57āĀ±ā0.76 | 2.51āĀ±ā0.77 | 0.65 (0.419) | |
5) I am worried about the cost of the examination | 3.04āĀ±ā0.75 | 3.27āĀ±ā0.71 | 8.48 (0.004) | |
6) I live far from clinics and health centers | 2.35āĀ±ā0.84 | 2.28āĀ±ā0.82 | 0.56 (0.455) | |
Ā | Subtotal | 16.71āĀ±ā2.80 | 16.40āĀ±ā2.82 | 1.13 (0.288) |
Behavioural intentions to undergo Pap testing | Ā | Ā | Ā | |
1) I can undergo a Pap test even without a recommendation | 2.59āĀ±ā0.71 | 2.70āĀ±ā0.70 | 2.11 (0.147) | |
2) I can undergo a Pap test even without abnormal signs | 2.67āĀ±ā0.68 | 2.83āĀ±ā0.66 | 5.01 (0.026) | |
3) I can undergo a Pap test according to my own will | 2.76āĀ±ā0.65 | 2.89āĀ±ā0.68 | 3.42 (0.065) | |
4) I can undergo a Pap test regularly | 2.50āĀ±ā0.70 | 2.58āĀ±ā0.74 | 1.13 (0.288) | |
Ā | Subtotal | 10.57āĀ±ā2.39 | 11.03āĀ±ā2.45 | 3.18 (0.075) |
Stigma: If I get gynaecological examination: | Ā | |||
1) People would avoid me | 1.51āĀ±ā0.58 | 1.45āĀ±ā0.60 | 0.90 (0.344) | |
2) People would think I was unclean | 1.48āĀ±ā0.60 | 1.48āĀ±ā0.60 | 0.02 (0.893) | |
3) People would think badly of me | 1.49āĀ±ā0.61 | 1.47āĀ±ā0.60 | 0.12 (0.727) | |
4) People would not want to be friends with me | 1.47āĀ±ā0.60 | 1.40āĀ±ā0.54 | 1.36 (0.243) | |
5) people would be disgusted by me | 1.43āĀ±ā0.59 | 1.41āĀ±ā0.57 | 0.07 (0.794) | |
6) People would be uncomfortable around me | 1.44āĀ±ā0.61 | 1.41āĀ±ā0.60 | 0.23 (0.631) | |
Ā | Subtotal | 8.82āĀ±ā3.42 | 8.61āĀ±ā3.26 | 0.34 (0.557) |
Shame: If I get a gynaecological examination: | Ā | |||
1) I would feel ashamed | 1.59āĀ±ā0.71 | 1.72āĀ±ā0.84 | 2.85 (0.091) | |
2) I would feel embarrassed | 1.77āĀ±ā0.84 | 1.85āĀ±ā0.86 | 0.78 (0.379) | |
3) I would feel guilty | 1.44āĀ±ā0.62 | 1.62āĀ±ā0.77 | 6.65 (0.010) | |
4) I would feel scared | 1.44āĀ±ā0.58 | 1.53āĀ±ā0.67 | 2.21 (0.138) | |
5) I would feel disappointed in myself | 1.46āĀ±ā0.61 | 1.57āĀ±ā0.70 | 2.64 (0.104) | |
Ā | Subtotal | 7.70āĀ±ā3.01 | 8.29āĀ±ā3.41 | 3.30 (0.070) |