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Table 4 Outcomes of studies of PFMT with percentage cure, cure/improvement and positive and statistically significant outcomes

From: Pelvic floor muscle training and adjunctive therapies for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women: a systematic review

PFMT studies

Treatment time

N (subjects)

N (% lost to follow-up)

% cure

% cure/improved

N (%) positive & statistically significant outcomes

Bo (1999)

6 months

29

4 (14)

44 (1), 56 (4)

48 (4)

8/9 (89)

Morkved (2002)

6 months

50

4 (17)

46 (1), 30 (4) 57 (2)

93 (4)

6 (100)

Bo (2000)

6 months

24

4 (8)

6–44 (5)

NR

1 (100)

Berghmans (1996)

4 weeks

20

0 (0)

15 (2)

85 (2)

1 (100)

Miller (1998b)

1 week

27

0 (0)

23 (3)

NR

2 (100)

Hay-Smith (2002)a

20 weeks

64

2 (3)

7 (4)

47 (4)

NR

Hay-Smith (2002)b

20 weeks

64

3 (5)

2 (4)

41 (4)

NR

Arvonen (2001)

4 months

20

1 (5)

26 (1)

58 (4)

3 (100)

Glavind (1996)

NR (2–3 sessions)

20

5 (25)

20 (1)

NR

NR

Pages (2001)

3 months

27

0 (0)

69 (4)

100 (4)

3 (100)

Bidmead (2002)

14 weeks

40

NR

NR

NR

3 (100)

Sung (2000)

6 weeks

30

NR

NR

NR

3 (100)

Aksac (2003)

8 weeks

20

NR

75 (3)

100 (3)

10 (100)

Finkenhagen (1998)

6 months

38

2 (5)

35 (4)

71 (4)

NR

  1. Hay-Smith a = motor learning protocol, Hay-Smith b = strength and motor learning protocol NR = not reported; (1) = pad test with standardised bladder volume; (2) = 48 hour pad test; (3) = other types of pad test; (4) = self-rated assessment of incontinence; (5) = self-reported quality of life/sexual function domains