Pelvic floor muscle training and adjunctive therapies for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women: a systematic review

Table 8 Outcomes of studies of PFMT, ES and BF with percentage cure, cure/improvement and positive and statistically significant outcomes

PFMT+ES+BF studies	Treatment time	N (subjects)	N (% lost to follow-up)	% cure	% cure/improved	N (%) positive & statistically significant outcomes
Dumoulin (2004) ^a	8 weeks	21	1 (5)	70 (1)	90 (1)	8/9 (89)
Dumoulin (2004) ^b	8 weeks	23	0 (0)	73 (1)	90 (1)	8/9 (89)
Knight (1998) ^a	6 months	25	6 (24)	NR	53 (1) 47 (2)	2 (100)
Knight (1998) ^b	6 months	24	4 (17)	NR	80 (1) 80 (2)	2 (100)
Dumoulin (1995)	3 weeks	10	2 (20)	62.5 (1)	100 (1)	3 (100)

(1) = Pad test with standardised bladder volumes, (2) = subjective report; Dumoulin ^a: training protocol with PFMT, ES, BF; Dumoulin ^b: training protocol with PFMT, ES, BF and specific deep abdominal muscle training; Knight ^a: training protocol with PFMT, BF, ES ('home' low intensity, 10 Hz); Knight ^b: training protocol with PFMT, BF, ES ('clinic' high intensity, 35 Hz)

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