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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the normal, overweight, and obese perimenopausal and postmenopausal subjects

From: Obesity associates with vasomotor symptoms in postmenopause but with physical symptoms in perimenopause: a cross-sectional study

Characteristic

Perimenopause

Postmenopause

Normal

Overweight

Obesity

p-value

Normal

Overweight

Obesity

p-value

(n = 293)

(n = 127)

(n = 113)

(n = 184)

(n = 94)

(n = 118)

Age, years

48.4 ± 2.7

48.6 ± 2.8

48.8 ± 2.9

0.438

52.0 ± 3.0

51.8 ± 3.0

52.2 ± 3.4

0.573

Education

 High school graduate or less

91 (31.1)

57 (44.9)

56 (49.6)

0.001

91 (49.5)

51 (54.3)

70 (59.3)

0.242

 Some college or more

202 (68.9)

70 (55.1)

7 (50.4)

93 (50.5)

43 (45.7)

48 (40.7)

Household income/monthly

 <4,000,000 KRW

34 (13.9)

17 (15.9)

16 (16.5)

0.797

24 (16.1)

21 (28.8)

29 (30.2)

0.017

 ≥4,000,000 KRW

210 (86.1)

90 (84.1)

81 (83.5)

125 (83.9)

52 (71.2)

67 (69.8)

Employment status, employed

122 (48.2)

56 (52.3)

49 (49.5)

0.775

66 (41.8)

40 (54.8)

52 (54.7)

0.064

Living with a spouse, yes

282 (96.3)

118 (92.9)

103 (91.2)

0.098

174 (94.6)

83 (88.3)

103 (87.3)

0.060

Parity

 1–2

244 (83.3)

107 (84.3)

84 (74.3)

0.077

144 (78.3)

58 (61.7)

89 (75.4)

0.011

 3 or more

49 (16.7)

20 (15.8)

29 (25.7)

40 (21.7)

36 (38.3)

29 (24.6)

Smoking, yes

5 (2.4)

5 (5.9)

–

0.049

3 (2.5)

3 (4.5)

4 (4.6)

0.711

Alcohol intake

 Never

57 (21.9)

20 (17.9)

26 (24.8)

0.458

44 (27.7)

22 (26.8)

31 (29.5)

0.912

 Ever

203 (78.1)

92 (82.1)

79 (75.2)

115 (72.3)

60 (73.2)

74 (70.5)

Physical activity level

 Low

148 (50.5)

71 (55.9)

60 (53.1)

0.788

88 (47.8)

47 (50.0)

69 (58.5)

0.036

 Moderate

93 (31.7)

38 (29.9)

37 (32.7)

75 (40.8)

27 (28.7)

35 (29.7)

 High

52 (17.8)

18 (14.2)

16 (14.2)

21 (11.4)

20 (21.3)

14 (11.9)

Body mass index, kg/m2

21.1 ± 1.2a

23.9 ± 0.6b

27.4 ± 2.6c

<0.001

21.2 ± 1.1a

24.0 ± 0.6b

27.2 ± 2.0c

<0.001

Waist circumference, cm

74.8 ± 4.4a

81.6 ± 4.1b

88.6 ± 7.1c

<0.001

75.5 ± 4.7a

81.6 ± 4.1b

88.5 ± 6.4c

<0.001

Total cholesterol, mg/dL

200.8 ± 33.7a

204.3 ± 33.8ab

214.8 ± 40.4b

0.002

216.3 ± 36.3

209.4 ± 35.8

209.3 ± 38.0

0.171

Triglycerides, mg/dL

85.7 ± 39.7a

99.5 ± 50.0a

124.8 ± 91.3b

<0.001

95.4 ± 44.2a

106.4 ± 60.2a

126.4 ± 66.2b

<0.001

HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL

68.1 ± 14.9b

59.8 ± 14.2a

57.4 ± 14.3a

<0.001

65.3 ± 16.2b

61.7 ± 14.5ab

57.2 ± 15.0a

<0.001

Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL

93.0 ± 9.3a

97.0 ± 22.4ab

100.3 ± 21.4b

<0.001

94.9 ± 13.7a

100.0 ± 21.2b

100.5 ± 14.0b

0.004

  1. The data are presented as n(%) or mean ± standard deviation
  2. Different letters represent statistical difference by Scheffe’s multiple comparison test
  3. P-values were generated by analysis of variance followed by Scheffe’s multiple comparison test, or by Chi-squared test
  4. Body mass index (BMI) was categorized as normal (18.5–22.9 kg/m2), overweight (23–24.9 kg/m2), or obese (≥25 kg/m2)
  5. HDL high density lipoprotein, KRW Korean won