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Table 1 Descriptive Study Characteristics by Outcome of Interest

From: Interventions to reduce adverse health outcomes resulting from manifestations of gender bias amongst immigrant populations: a scoping review

Gender Outcome

Intervention type

Target population

Gender

Location

Was program assessed? (Yes/No); Approach

Author, year

Domestic violence (n = 17; 58.6%)

Counselling

General

Men

Spain

Yes; Follow up surveys

Echauri et al., 2013

South Asian

Women

Canada

No

Agnew, 1998

Chinese

Women

Hong Kong, China

Yes; A questionnaire at 3 time points

Wong et al., 2013

Educational

African

General

Australia

Yes; Community advisory focus groups

Gregory et al., 2013

Ethiopian

General

Israel

Yes; Feedback forms, focus groups

Ben-Porat, 2010

General

Women

Canada

Yes; Focus groups

Heinonen et al., 2006

Latina

Women

USA

Yes; Focus groups at 2 follow up points

Marrs Fuchsel, 2007

Latino

Men

USA

Yes; Baseline and follow up questionnaires, in-depth interviews

Celaya-Alston, 2010

Latino

Men

USA

Yes; Baseline and follow up questionnaires, follow-up interviews with facilitators

Nelson et al., 2010

Latino

Men

USA

No

Hancock et al., 2009

Vietnamese, Latino, Somali

General

USA

No

Pan et al., 2006

Legislative

General

General

USA

No

Adams and Campbell, 2012

General

Women

USA

No

Orloff and Kelly, 1995

Latina

Women

USA

Yes; Baseline and follow up surveys

Cesario et al., 2014

Outreach

Arab

General

USA

Yes; Focus groups

Kulwicki and Miller, 1999

Arab

General

Canada

No

Baobaid, N.D.

General

General

New Zealand

No

Robinson and Liu, 2015

Female genital circumcision

(n = 2; 6.9%)

Legislative

General

General

Australia

No

Patrick, 2001

General

General

Italy

No

Turillazzi and Fineschi, 2007

Intimate partner violence (n = 6, 20.6%)

Counselling

General

Men

USA

Yes; Intake and discharge surveys

Rothman et al., 2007

Educational

General

Women

USA

No

Frohmann, 2005

Latina

Women

USA

Yes; Participant journals and questionnaires at 3 time points.

Serrata, 2012

Latino

Men

USA

Yes; Interviews with participants

Parra-Cardona et al., 2013

Latina

Women

USA

Yes; Oral interviews and participant observation of 5 support group sessions.

Morales-Campos et al., 2009

Outreach

South Asian

General

USA

No

Yoshihama et al., 2012

Sexual violence (n = 4; 13.8%)

Educational

Central and East African

Women

Democratic Republic of Congo, Western Ethiopia.

Yes; Focus groups, interviews, social mapping exercises, attendance records, service provider quality checklists.

Falb et al., 2016

African

Women

Guinea, West Africa

Yes; Closed-ended interview and written test of literacy skills administered to respondents.

McGinn and Allen, 2006

African

General

Tanzania

No

UN High Commissioner for Refugees, 1997

Legislative

Nigerian

General

Italy

No

Baye and Heumann, 2014