Table 2 Risk Factors in the Study Population, p-values from Chi-square test for Comparison between Cases and Controls
Factor | Cases (n = 224) N (%) | Controls (n = 225) N (%) | p-value1 |
|---|---|---|---|
Age in years (N = 449) | |||
18–35 | 31 (13.84) | 31 (13.78) | 0.988 |
36–45 | 89 (39.73) | 91 (40.44) | |
46–65 | 104 (46.43) | 103 (45.78) | |
Breastfeeding (N = 450) | |||
Yes | 144 (64) | 154 (68.44) | 0.522 |
No | 25 (11.11) | 19 (8.44) | |
N/A* | 56 (24.89) | 52 (23.11) | |
Duration of breastfeeding in years (N = 449) | |||
≤ 1 | 50 (22.32) | 61 (27.11) | 0.610 |
> 1 | 94 (41.96) | 93 (41.33) | |
No | 24 (10.71) | 19 (8.44) | |
N/A* | 56 (25) | 52 (23.11) | |
Pregnancy (N = 450) | |||
Yes | 115 (51.11) | 173 (76.89) | 0.000 |
No | 110 (48.890 | 52 (23.11) | |
Miscarriage (N = 450) | |||
Yes | 92 (40.89) | 84 (37.33) | 0.249 |
No | 133 (59.11) | 141 (62.67) | |
Menopausal Status (N = 450) | |||
Premenopausal | 101 (44.89) | 74 (32.89) | 0.006 |
Postmenopausal | 124 (55.11) | 151 (67.11) | |
Regularity of Period (N = 449) | |||
Yes | 190 (84.82) | 203 (90.22) | 0.056 |
No | 34 (15.18) | 22 (9.78) | |
Personal history of cancer (ovarian, rectal, etc.) (N = 449) | |||
Yes | 27 (12.05) | 0 (0) | 0.000 |
No | 197 (87.95) | 225 (100) | |
First or second – degree relative have cancer (N = 449) | |||
Yes | 109 (48.66) | 34 (15.11) | 0.000 |
No | 115 (51.34) | 191 (84.89) | |
Smoking Status (N = 448) | |||
Past Smoker | 25 (11.21) | 1 (0.44) | 0.000 |
Current Smoker | 11 (4.93) | 25 (11.11) | |
Never Smoked | 187 (83.86) | 199 (88.44) | |
Hormonal Therapy for Menstrual Irregularities (N = 447) | |||
Yes | 24 (10.81) | 13 (5.78) | 0.060 |
No | 198 (89.19) | 212 (94.22) | |
Postmenopausal Hormonal Therapy (i = 448) | |||
Yes | 8 (3.59) | 0 (0) | 0.004 |
No | 215 (96.41) | 225 (100) | |
Regular Use of Oral Contraceptives (N = 446) | |||
Yes | 87 (39.01) | 48 (21.52) | 0.000 |
No | 136 (60.99) | 175 (78.48) | |
Oral Contraceptives Type (N = 81) | |||
COC* | 31 (49.21) | 10 (55.56) | 0.063 |
POC* | 32 (50.79) | 8 (44.44) | |