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Table 1 Frequency distribution and chi-square test of association for douching with any solution other than water

From: Vaginal douching in Zambia: a risk or benefit to women in the fight against cervical cancer: a retrospective cohort study

 

Douching with any solution

 

Characteristic

Yes

n(%)

No

n(%)

p-value

(chi2)

Total

960 (8.1)

10,983 (91.9)

 

Age group

  

0.009

 15–24

158 (16.7)

1446 (13.6)

 

 25–34

338 (35.7)

3661 (34.3)

 

 35–44

266 (28.1)

3108 (29.1)

 

 45+

185 (19.5)

2456 (23.0)

 

Marital Status

  

0.428

 Never married

120 (12.6)

1218 (11.3)

 

 Currently married

667 (70.2)

7605 (70.7)

 

 Widowed/separated/divorced

163 (17.2)

1938 (18.0)

 

Education Level

  

0.004

 No formal education

54 (5.7)

839 (7.8)

 

 Primary

337 (35.6)

4158 (38.6)

 

 Secondary

390 (41.1)

3877 (36.0)

 

 Tertiary

167 (17.6)

1908 (17.7)

 

Occupation

  

0.001

 Housewife

413 (45.0)

4503 (43.2)

 

 Formal employment

181 (19.7)

1709 (16.4)

 

 Informal employment

202 (22.0)

2881 (27.7)

 

 Other

121 (13.2)

1328 (12.7)

 

Household income

  

0.495

 Less than 100

13 (2.0)

114 (1.6)

 

 100–499

15 (2.3)

224 (3.1)

 

 500–999

38 (5.8)

440 (6.0)

 

 1000–5000

116 (17.7)

1157 (15.9)

 

 More than 5000

472 (72.2)

5359 (73.5)

 

Age at sexual debut

  

0.568

  < 20

726 (75.6)

8323 (76.4)

 

 20 years and older

234 (24.4)

2565 (23.6)

 

Lifetime sexual partners

  

0.005

 One partner

248 (26.1)

3370 (31.1)

 

 Two to five partners

628 (66.0)

6718 (62.0)

 

 More than five partners

75 (7.9)

748 (6.9)

 

Condom use

  

< 0.001

 Never

422 (51.2)

6051 (58.9)

 

 Sometimes

374 (45.4)

3886 (37.9)

 

 Always

28 (3.4)

329 (3.2)

 

HIV status

  

0.105

 Positive

218 (22.7)

2174 (20.0)

 

 Negative

555 (57.8)

6432 (59.0)

 

 Unknown

187 (19.5)

2287 (21.0)