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Table 4 Details diagnosed cases of 12 obstetric fistula patients with their signs and symptoms and examination procedure

From: Prevalence and risk factors of obstetric fistula: implementation of a need-based preventive action plan in a South-eastern rural community of India

Sl No

Morbidities

Sign/Symptoms

Examination

O_F P1

Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

i) Continuous leaking of urine (incontinence), Vulval skin (redness, ulceration)

ii) Palpation- Size,number,scarring

Speculum examination

i) Fistula can be visualized

O_F P2

Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

Continuous leaking of urine (incontinence),

Vulval skin (redness,ulceration)

Palpation- size number, scarring.

Speculum examination

ii) Fistula can be visualised

O_F P3

Recto-Vaginal Fistula

Incontinence of liquid stool/flatus

Speculum examination

i) Fistula- exposing the posterior vaginal wall

ii) Rectal examination

O_F P4

Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

Continuous leaking of urine (incontinence), Vulval skin (redness,ulceration)

Palpation- size number, scarring

Speculum examination

iii) Fistula can be visualised

O_F P5

Recto-Vaginal Fistula

Incontinence of liquid stool/flatus

Speculum examination

iii) Fistula- exposing posterior vaginal wall

iv) Rectal examination

O_F P6

Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

Continuous leaking of urine (incontinence), Vulval skin (redness, ulceration)

Palpation- size number, scarring

Speculum examination

iv) Fistula can be visualised

O_F P7

Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

Continuous leaking of urine (incontinence), Vulval skin (redness,ulceration)

Palpation- size number, scarring

Speculum examination

v) Fistula can be visualised

O_F P8

Recto-Vaginal Fistula

Incontinence of liquid stool/flatus

Speculum examination

v) Fistula- exposing posterior vaginal wall

vi) Rectal examination

O_F P9

Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

Continuous leaking of urine (incontinence) Vulval skin (redness,ulceration)

Palpation- size number, scarring,

Speculum examination

vi) Fistula can be visualised

O_F P10

Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

Continuous leaking of urine (incontinence), Vulval skin (redness,ulceration)

Palpation- size number, scarring

Speculum examination

vii) Fistula can be visualised

O_F P11

Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

Continuous leaking of urine (incontinence), Vulval skin (redness,ulceration)

Palpation- size number, scarring

Speculum examination

viii) Fistula can be visualised

O_F P12

Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

Continuous leaking of urine (incontinence), Vulval skin (redness,ulceration)

Palpation- size number, scarring

Speculum examination

ix) Fistula can be visualised