Table 4 Level of evidence according to PD and CAL
Certainty assessment | No. of patients | Effect | Certainty | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
№ of studies | Study design | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Other considerations | With contraceptive | Without contraceptive | Relative (95% CI) | Absolute (95% CI) | ||
CAL | ||||||||||||
5 | Observational studies | Not serious | Seriousa | Not serious | Seriousb | None | 197 | 200 | – | MD 0.24 higher (0.09 higher to 0.4 higher) | ⨁○○○ very low | |
PD | ||||||||||||
3 | Observational studies | Seriousc | Seriousa | Not serious | Very seriousb,d | None | 91 | 89 | – | MD 1.15 higher (0.29 lower to 2.59 higher) | ⨁○○○ very low | |