Reversals in initially denied Department of Veterans Affairs’ PTSD disability claims after 17 years: a cohort study of gender differences

Table 3 Sex’s association with time 3 PTSD service connection after controlling for other potential confounders

Controlling for:	Association between gender and PTSD service connection							Size of effect modification (%)
Controlling for:	β	SE	Wald χ²	df	p value	OR	95% CI	Size of effect modification (%)
Nothing (unadjusted)	0.845	0.15	31.26	1	< 0.001	2.33	1.73, 3.13	–
Service during Vietnam	0.672	0.18	14.32	1	< 0.001	1.96	1.38, 2.77	15.9
PTSD chart diagnosis	0.907	0.16	30.81	1	< 0.001	2.48	1.80, 3.41	6.4
Military sexual assault history	1.420	0.20	51.97	1	< 0.001	4.14	2.81, 6.09	77.7
Combat history	0.630	0.18	12.55	1	< 0.001	1.88	1.33, 2.66	19.3
Sufficient summary score^a	0.420	0.17	6.284	1	0.01	1.52	1.10, 2.11	34.8

PTSD posttraumatic stress disorder, SE standard error, OR odds ratio; OR > 1 indicates men have greater odds of having PTSD service connection at Time 3 than women. CI confidence intervals
– Not applicable
^aSufficient summary score simultaneously adjusts for service during Vietnam, PTSD chart diagnosis, military sexual assault history, and combat history

ISSN: 1472-6874