Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the respondents and their association with stigma (Hangzhou, China; 2017–2018)
From: The social stigma of infertile women in Zhejiang Province, China: a questionnaire-based study
Variable | Cases | Percentage (%) | Stigma score | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 0.61 | |||
20–25 | 11 | 4.33 | 52.27 ± 30.00 | |
26–35 | 164 | 64.57 | 55.91 ± 22.33 | |
36–45 | 73 | 28.74 | 58.64 ± 19.1 | |
46–50 | 6 | 2.36 | 49.5 ± 28.51 | |
Education level | < 0.01 | |||
Elementary school | 5 | 1.97 | 81.4 ± 15.96 | |
Junior high school | 62 | 24.41 | 63.34 ± 21.10 | |
High school | 40 | 15.75 | 53.95 ± 24.94 | |
Secondary school | 21 | 8.27 | 56.24 ± 16.61 | |
College | 47 | 18.5 | 53.17 ± 22.88 | |
Bachelor’s degree | 69 | 27.17 | 52.88 ± 20.6 | |
Master’s degree and above | 10 | 3.94 | 50.1 ± 16.86 | |
Monthly Income (Yuan) | < 0.01 | |||
< 3000 | 33 | 12.99 | 71.97 ± 20.39 | |
3000–6000 | 88 | 34.64 | 55.21 ± 22.55 | |
6000–10,000 | 77 | 30.31 | 55.27 ± 20.92 | |
> 10,000 | 56 | 22.05 | 50.63 ± 20.19 | |
Whether the patient is an only child | 0.95 | |||
Yes | 60 | 23.62 | 56.23 ± 20.70 | |
No | 194 | 76.38 | 56.43 ± 22.33 | |
Whether the husband is an only child | 0.26 | |||
Yes | 90 | 35.43 | 54.28 ± 21.78 | |
No | 164 | 64.57 | 57.54 ± 21.97 | |
Family types | 0.41 | |||
Living with the husband only | 114 | 44.88 | 55.93 ± 21.02 | |
Living with the husband and parents-in-law | 103 | 40.55 | 57.83 ± 23.07 | |
Living with the husband and own parents | 23 | 9.06 | 49.96 ± 18.00 | |
Living with the husband, his brother’s family and parents-in-law | 14 | 5.51 | 60.14 ± 27.27 | |
Work status | < 0.01 | |||
Yes | 163 | 64.17 | 53.27 ± 20.29 | |
No | 91 | 35.83 | 61.67 ± 23.80 | |
Medical payment status | 0.03 | |||
Insurance-paid | 84 | 33.07 | 52.13 ± 21.34 | |
Self-paid | 170 | 66.93 | 58.51 ± 22.02 | |
Marital status | 0.24 | |||
First marriage | 220 | 86.61 | 55.87 ± 22.07 | |
Remarriage | 34 | 13.39 | 60.59 ± 20.45 | |
Previous pregnancy | 0.72 | |||
Yes | 164 | 64.57 | 56.13 ± 21.52 | |
No | 90 | 35.43 | 57.18 ± 22.63 | |
Fetal number | 0.48 | |||
First | 181 | 71.26 | 56.93 ± 22.67 | |
Second | 73 | 28.74 | 54.75 ± 20.15 | |
Infertility cause | 0.047 | |||
Ovulation disorder | 17 | 6.69 | 50.41 ± 18.67 | |
Tubal factor | 145 | 57.09 | 50.52 ± 22.12 | |
Endometrial factor | 49 | 19.29 | 52.63 ± 23.26 | |
Unknown factor | 43 | 16.93 | 59.86 ± 19.26 | |
Duration of infertility (years) | 0.017 | |||
< 3 | 25 | 9.84 | 48.45 ± 19.18 | |
3–5 | 112 | 44.09 | 53.97 ± 20.19 | |
> 5 | 117 | 46.06 | 60.48 ± 23.64 |