Table 4 Prevalence of workplace incivility, bullying and sexual harassment of women by demographic factors

Age (Years)

18–34 years

84

23.9 (6.48)

60 (71.4)

24 (28.6)

32.4 (15.7)

39 (46.4)

45 (53.6)

11.1 (1.21)

27 (32.1)

57 (67.9)

35–49 years

112

24.6 (8.15)

67 (59.8)

45 (40.2)

39.5 (12.2)

74 (66.1)

38 (33.9)

10.1 (0.96)

56 (50.0)

56 (50.0)

 ≥ 50 years

105

23.9 (7.28)

65 (61.9)

40 (38.1)

35.6 (10.3)

48 (45.7)

57 (54.3)

11.9 (1.16)

39 (37.1)

66 (62.9)

t (df), χ² (df), F (df)

F (2, 298) = 0.307

χ² (2) = 0.218

F (2, 298) = 7.663

χ² (2) = 11.362

F (2, 298) = 0.710

χ² (2) = 7.118

P-value

0.736

0.218

0.001

0.003

0.492

0.028

η²

.002

–

–

.05

–

–

.004

–

–

Academic qualification

SSCE

45

22.5 (6.89)

25 (55.6)

20 (44.4)

31.1 (10.5)

24 (53.3)

21 (46.7)

4.9 (8.64)

9 (20.0)

36 (80.0)

OND/NCE

50

27.3 (7.55)

39 (78.0)

11 (22.0)

33.8 (7.99)

26 (52.0)

24 (48.0)

5.1 (6.20)

14 (28.0)

36 (72.0)

B.Sc./B.Ed./B.A./equiv

89

24.3 (7.91)

53 (59.6)

36 (40.4)

37.2 (15.6)

44 (49.4)

45 (50.6)

9.1 (12.4)

35 (39.3)

54 (60.7)

M.Sc./M.Ed./M.A./equiv

68

21.1 (5.50)

34 (50.0)

34 (50.0)

38.3 (13.5)

36 (52.9)

32 (47.1)

9.5 (10.7)

36 (52.9)

32 (47.1)

Doctoral degree (PhD)

49

26.6 (7.18)

41 (83.7)

8 (16.3)

38.2 (11.9)

31 (63.3)

18 (36.7)

11.6 (13.1)

28 (57.1)

21 (42.9)

t (df), χ² (df), F (df)

F (4, 296) = 7.593

χ² (4) = 20.369

F (4, 296) = 3.160

χ² (2) = 2.523

F (4, 296) = 3.781

χ² (2) = 21.135

P-value

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

0.014

0.641

0.005

 < 0.0001

η²

.10

–

–

.04

–

–

.05

–

–

Marital status

Single

38

24.7 (8.18)

34 (70.8)

14 (29.2)

32.1 (8.66)

24 (50.0)

24 (50.0)

6.8 (7.64)

18 (37.5)

30 (62.5)

Married

217

24.1 (7.34)

136(62.7)

81 (37.3)

37.3 (13.4)

122(56.2)

95 (43.8)

8.5 (11.3)

89 (41.0)

128(59.0)

Separated/divorced

19

24.3 (7.58)

11 (57.9)

8 (42.1)

32.2 (15.6)

5 (26.3)

14 (73.7)

7.1 (13.3)

5 (26.3)

14 (73.7)

Widowed

17

23.6 (6.06)

11 (64.7)

6 (35.3)

37.1 (11.9)

10 (58.8)

7 (41.2)

10.9 (12.5)

10 (58.8)

7 (41.2)

t (df), χ² (df), F (df)

F (3, 297) = 0.109

χ² (3) = 1.440

F (3, 297) = 2.760

χ² (3) = 6.720

F (3, 297) = 0.723

χ² (3) = 4.157

P-value

0.955

0.696

0.042

0.081

0.539

0.245

η²

.001

–

–

.03

–

–

.003

–

–

Employment status

Permanent appointment

269

23.8 (7.34)

166(61.7)

103(38.3)

35.8 (13.4)

138(51.3)

131(48.7)

7.8 (11.3)

96 (35.7)

173(64.3)

Temporal appointment

20

25.8 (4.88)

17 (85.0)

3 (15.0)

37.4 (8.92)

14 (70.0)

6 (30.0)

12.9 (5.91)

17 (85.0)

3 (15.0)

Casual/Contract

12

30.2 (9.60)

9 (75.0)

3 (25.0)

41.0 (7.27)

9 (75.0)

3 (25.0)

12.3 (7.43)

3 (25.0)

9 (75.0)

t (df), χ² (df), F (df)

F (2, 298) = 4.880

χ² (2) = 5.052

F (2, 298) = 1.005

χ² (2) = 4.941

F (2, 298) = 2.883

χ² (2) = 24.941

P-value

0.008

0.080

0.367

0.085

0.058

 < 0.000

η²

.03

–

–

.006

–

–

.02

Work experience

 < 5 years

115

20.9 (6.11)

55 (47.8)

60 (52.2)

30.8 (9.73)

53 (46.1)

62 (53.9)

4.6 (6.78)

32 (27.8)

83 (72.2)

5–9 years

50

22.8 (6.56)

27 (54.0)

23 (46.0)

35.4 (8.64)

23 (46.0)

27 (54.0)

9.9 (8.82)

29 (58.0)

21 (42.0)

 ≥ 10 years

136

27.5 (7.32)

110(80.9)

26 (19.1)

40.9 (14.8)

85 (62.5)

51 (37.5)

10.9 (13.5)

61 (44.9)

75 (55.1)

t (df), χ² (df), F (df)

F (2, 298) = 30.835

χ² (2) = 31.963

F (2, 298) = 21.971

χ² (2) = 8.099

F (2, 298) = 11.423

χ² (2) = 15.086

P-value

 < 0.000

 < 0.000

 < 0.000

0.017

 < 0.000

0.001

η²

.17

–

–

.13

–

–

.07

–

–