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Table 2 Effect of BMI in subjects with, and without, PCOS: Clinical and ovarian variables

From: Effect of body mass index (BMI) on phenotypic features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Singapore women: a prospective cross-sectional study

Variables

Patient category

BMI

n (%)

Model A

Model B

Model C

Fold change

Adjusted Odds ratio (95% CI)

Fold change

Adjusted Odds ratio (95% CI)

Fold change

Adjusted Odds ratio (95% CI)

Average menstrual cycle length ≥ 35 days n (%)

Healthy

Normal

17 (11.2)

1.0

Ref

    

High

12 (11.7)

1.04

0.85 (0.32, 2.26)

1.0

Ref

  

PCOS

Normal

44 (72.1)

6.44

24.07 (9.24, 62.69)***

6.16

28.49 (8.86, 91.66)***

1.0

Ref

High

51 (69.9)

6.24

21.25 (8.39, 53.86)***

5.97

25.15 (8.44, 74.93)***

0.97

0.88 (0.30, 2.61)

Variables

Patient category

BMI

Mean ± SD

Fold change

Adjusted Difference (95% CI)

Fold change

Adjusted Difference (95% CI)

Fold change

Adjusted Difference (95% CI)

mFG score

Healthy

Normal

1.09 ± 0.21

1.0

Ref

    

High

1.38 ± 0.25

1.27

0.06 (− 0.86, 0.98)

1.0

Ref

  

PCOS

Normal

1.75 ± 0.33

1.61

0.03 (− 1.06, 1.11)

1.27

− 0.04 (− 1.27, 1.20)

1.0

Ref

High

3.23 ± 0.30

2.96

1.85 (0.80, 2.90)***

2.34

1.79 (0.64, 2.93)***

1.85

1.82 (0.52, 3.12)**

Acne score

Healthy

Normal

1.92 ± 0.36

1.0

Ref

    

High

1.78 ± 0.46

0.93

0.75 (− 0.63, 2.13)

1.0

Ref

  

PCOS

Normal

2.63 ± 0.58

1.37

0.13 (− 1.49, 1.74)

1.48

− 0.62 (− 2.47, 1.23)

1.0

Ref

High

2.60 ± 0.56

1.35

1.42 (− 0.14, 2.99)

1.46

0.68 (− 1.04, 2.39)

0.99

1.30 (− 0.64, 3.23)

Mean AFC

Healthy

Normal

13.64 ± 0.78

1.0

Ref

    

High

12.65 ± 0.96

0.93

0.25 (− 2.84, 3.35)

1.0

Ref

  

PCOS

Normal

28.66 ± 1.26

2.10

12.11 (8.44, 15.78)***

2.27

11.85 (7.65, 16.06)***

1.0

Ref

High

30.24 ± 1.17

2.22

11.34 (7.74, 14.94)***

2.39

11.08 (7.14, 15.02)***

1.06

− 0.77 (− 5.25, 3.71)

Mean OV (ml)

Healthy

Normal

4.90 ± 0.19

1.0

Ref

    

High

4.56 ± 0.23

0.93

− 0.19 (− 1.18, 0.80)

1.0

Ref

  

PCOS

Normal

8.16 ± 0.30

1.67

2.77 (1.60, 2.94)***

1.79

2.96 (1.63, 4.29)***

1.0

Ref

High

8.55 ± 0.28

1.74

3.69 (2.54, 4.83)***

1.88

3.88 (2.53, 5.12)***

1.05

0.91 (− 0.50, 2.32)

AMH (pmol/L)

Healthy

Normal

34.88 ± 2.24

1.0

Ref

    

High

26.58 ± 2.77

0.76

− 3.04 (− 14.38, 8.30)

1.0

Ref

  

PCOS

Normal

87.97 ± 3.65

2.52

49.27 (35.67, 62.86)***

3.31

62.30 (36.81, 67.80)***

1.0

Ref

High

75.10 ± 3.37

2.15

38.59 (25.11, 52.06)***

2.83

41.62 (26.95, 56.30)***

0.85

− 10.68 (− 27.38, 6.01)

  1. Variables in each patient category compared against reference (Ref) denoted in each column. Model A Ref: Healthy-Normal BMI; Model B Ref: Healthy-High BMI; Model C Ref: PCOS-Normal BMI. Odds ratios and mean differences were adjusted for variables in Table 1 (except BMI).*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001
  2. mFG, modified Ferriman-Gallwey score; AFC, antral follicle count; OV, ovarian volume, AMH, anti-mullerian hormone
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