Perianal ultrasound (PAUS): visualization of sphincter muscles and comparison with digital-rectal examination (DRE) in females

Table 2 Measurements of sphincter thickness at 6 and 12 o’clock and vertical and horizontal diameter in PAUS [in cm]

	Mean	Variance	SD	95% CI	n
a.
rEAS 12	0.45	0.02	0.15	0.42–0.49	70
rEAS 6	0.41	0.03	0.17	0.37–0.45	70
rIAS 12	0.24	0.01	0.09	0.22–0.26	70
rIAS 6	0.18	0.00	0.06	0.17–0.20	70
r vert. diameter	1.67	0.06	0.24	1.62–1.73	70
r horiz. diameter	1.70	0.03	0.17	1.66–1.74	70
b.
cEAS 12	0.44	0.02	0.14	0.40–0.47	70
cEAS 6	0.42	0.05	0.22	0.37–0.47	70
cIAS 12	0.24	0.01	0.09	0.22–0.26	70
cIAS 6	0.18	0.00	0.06	0.17–0.20	70
c vert. diameter	1.57	0.07	0.26	1.51–1.63	70
c horiz. diameter	1.68	0.05	0.22	1.63–1.73	70

Values of both examiners. a: PAUS measurements at rest, b: PAUS measurements during contraction. rEAS 12: external anal sphincter muscle at 12 o’clock position at rest, rEAS 6: external anal sphincter at 6 o’clock position at rest, rIAS 12: internal anal sphincter at 12 o’clock position at rest, rIAS 6: internal anal sphincter at 6 o’clock position at rest, r hor. diameter: horizontal diameter at rest (measured from IAS 9 o’clock to IAS 3 o’clock), r vert. diameter: vertical diameter at rest (measured from IAS 6 o’clock to IAS 12 o’clock). r = rest, c = contraction, legend for contraction is similar to the legend for rest

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