Table 3 Maintenance of smoking cessation according to general and smoking related characteristics
From: Maintenance of smoking cessation in Korean single mothers
Variable | Smoking abstinence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) or M ± SD | 4 weeks | 24 weeks | ||||
Smoking N = 32 (41.6%) | Abstinence N = 45 (58.4%) | p value | Smoking N = 63 (81.8%) | Abstinence N = 14 (18.2%) | p value | |
Age | ||||||
  > 25 | 16 (50.0) | 20 (44.4) | 0.061 | 32 (50.8) | 4 (28.6) | 0.020 |
   ≤ 20 | 14 (43.8) | 13 (28.9) | 23 (36.5) | 4 (28.6) | ||
  21–25 | 2 (6.3) | 12 (26.7) | 8 (12.7) | 6 (42.9) | ||
Education level | ||||||
  Unknown | 8 (25.0) | 7 (15.6) | 0.600 | 14 (22.2) | 1 (7.1) | 0.198 |
 ≤ 9y | 5 (15.6) | 10 (22.2) | 12 (19.0) | 3 (21.4) | ||
  10–12y | 16 (50.0) | 21 (46.7) | 31 (49.2) | 6 (42.9) | ||
   > 12y | 3 (9.4) | 7 (15.6) | 6 (9.5) | 4 (28.6) | ||
Pregnancy | ||||||
  No | 27 (84.4) | 28 (62.2) | 0.034 | 46 (73.0) | 9 (64.3) | 0.513 |
  Yes | 5 (15.6) | 17 (37.8) | 17 (27.0) | 5 (35.7) | ||
Drinking | ||||||
  No | 14 (43.8) | 36 (80.0) | 0.001 | 40 (63.5) | 10 (71.4) | 0.573 |
  Yes | 18 (56.3) | 9 (20.0) | 23 (36.5) | 4 (28.6) | ||
Exercise | ||||||
  No | 26 (81.3) | 39 (66.7) | 0.157 | 44 (69.8) | 12 (85.7) | 0.228 |
  Yes | 6 (18.8) | 15 (33.3) | 19 (30.2) | 2 (14.3) | ||
CO level (ppm) | ||||||
  M ± SD | 6.25 ± 6.47 | 2.27 ± 2.84 | 0.002 | 4.24 ± 5.35 | 2.50 ± 3.28 | 0.248 |
Number of counseling | ||||||
  M ± SD | 2.59 ± 1.74 | 5.29 ± 2.56 | 0.000 | 3.30 ± 1.95 | 8.07 ± 1.27 | 0.000 |
Nicotine dependence | ||||||
  Low | 24 (75.0) | 32 (71.1) | 0.765 | 47 (74.6) | 9 (64.3) | 0.679 |
  Mild | 6 (18.8) | 8 (17.8) | 11 (17.5) | 3 (21.4) | ||
High | 2 (6.3) | 5 (11.1) | 5 (7.9) | 2 (14.3) | ||
Motivation rulers/ Importance | ||||||
  0–3 | 6 (18.8) | 4 (8.9) | 0.174 | 8 (12.7) | 2 (14.3) | 0.738 |
  4–7 | 14 (43.8) | 15 (33.3) | 25 (39.7) | 4 (28.6) | ||
  8–10 | 12 (37.5) | 26 (57.8) | 30 (47.6) | 8 (57.1) | ||
Motivation rulers/confidence | ||||||
  0–3 | 8 (25.0) | 6 (13.3) | 0.078 | 12 (19.0) | 2 (14.3) | 0.805 |
  4–7 | 18 (56.3) | 20 (44.4) | 30 (47.6) | 8 (57.1) | ||
  8–10 | 6 (18.8) | 19 (42.2) | 21 (33.3) | 4 (28.6) | ||
Motivation rulers/readiness | ||||||
  0–3 | 8 (25.0) | 12 (26.7) | 0.036 | 16 (25.4) | 4 (28.6) | 0.969 |
  4–7 | 17 (53.1) | 12 (26.7) | 24 (38.1) | 5 (35.7) | ||
  8–10 | 7 (21.9) | 21 (46.7) | 23 (36.5) | 5 (35.7) | ||
The reasons for smoking cessation | ||||||
  Recommendations from family members or others | 6 (7.8) | 5 (6.5) | 0.289 | 10 (13.0) | 1 (1.3) | 0.835 |
  For your own health | 13 (16.9) | 18 (23.4) | 25 (32.5) | 6 (7.8) | ||
  Economic reasons | 1 (1.3) | 3 (3.9) | 3 (3.9) | 1 (1.3) | ||
  Environmental reasons | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
  For clean image management | 2 (2.6) | 1 (1.3) | 3 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) | ||
  For the health of the people around | 5 (6.5) | 4 (5.2) | 8 (10.4) | 1 (1.3) | ||
  To show willingness to smoking abstinence | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
  Because of social gaze | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
  Etc | 3 (3.9) | 13 (16.9) | 11 (14.3) | 5 (6.5) | ||
The supporters for smoking cessation | ||||||
  Parents/grandparents | 8 (10.4) | 8 (10.4) | 0.387 | 15 (19.5) | 1 (1.3) | 0.512 |
  Siblings | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
  Partner | 1 (1.3) | 5 (6.5) | 5 (6.5) | 1 (1.3) | ||
  Children | 1 (1.3) | 4 (5.2) | 3 (3.9) | 2 (2.6) | ||
  Friends/school peers | 2 (2.6) | 7 (9.1) | 8 (10.4) | 1 (1.3) | ||
  Coworkers | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
  Teachers | 9 (11.7) | 6 (7.8) | 13 (16.9) | 2 (2.6) | ||
  Healthcare professionals | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
  Others | 3 (3.9) | 5 (6.5) | 5 (6.5) | 3 (3.9) | ||
  No one | 8 (10.4) | 9 (11.7) | 13 (16.9) | 4 (5.2) | ||