Table 1 Overall information, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and enrolment process, in three randomized studies for women with urinary incontinence (UI) using e-health
From: Quality of life in women with urinary incontinence seeking care using e-health
RCT one | RCT two | RCT three | |
|---|---|---|---|
Time span | 2009–2011 | 2013–2014 | 2017–2018 |
Inclusion criteria | Female Ability to read and write Swedish Access to internet/smartphone/e-mail | ||
Age 18–70 years SUI ≥ 1 episode/week | Age ≥ 18 years SUI ≥ 1 episode/week for the last 6 months | Age ≥ 18 years UUI/MUI ≥ 2 episode/week for the last 12 months | |
Exclusion criteria | Pregnancy Previous UI surgery Macroscopic haematuria Known malignancy in the lower abdomen Difficulties with passing urine lePara>Intermenstrual bleedings Impaired mobility or sensibility in the legs or lower abdomen | ||
Severe psychiatric disorders, or HADS score > 15 for depression or anxiety Max. voiding volume < ≈ 0.3 L and mean micturition volume < ≈ 0.2 L | Severe psychiatric disorders Max. voiding volume < 0.3 L | Use of another PFMT app Use of mirabegron or antimuscarinic drugs Painful urges or micturition Previous pyelonephritis ≥3 urinary tract infections in the last 12 months Previous stroke, neurological disease, or diabetes. Max. voiding volume ≤ 0.15 L | |
Study invitations | |||
Daily newspapers Websites for medical advice | Daily newspapers On the web Posters at health centres and training centres | Newspapers Radio TV | |
Enrolment process | 1. Screening questionnaire homepage (n = 684) 2. Postal questionnaire, informed consent, 2-day bladder diary (n = 287) 3. Telephone interview urotherapist (n = 277) | 1. Screening questionnaire homepage (n = 805) 2. Informed consent, 2-day bladder diary, maximum voiding volume (n = 345) 3. Web-based questionnaire, telephone interview (n = 129) | 1. Screening questionnaire homepage (n = 1241) 2. Informed consent, 2-day bladder diary, maximum voiding volume, web-based questionnaire, telephone interview incontinence nurse or general practitioner (n = 142) |
Randomization | 250 women | 123 women | 123 women |
Age span | 23–70 years | 27–72 years | 31–77 years |
Randomization arms | Internet-based treatment programme (n = 124) Postal treatment programme (n = 126) | Treatment app (n = 62) Control group (n = 61) | Treatment app (n = 60) Information app (n = 63) |