Skip to main content

Table 5 Factors associated with menopausal symptom score, a cross-sectional study in China

From: Severity and factors of menopausal symptoms in middle-aged women in Gansu Province of China: a cross-sectional study

Factor (reference)

Levels

Estimate

Standard error

Wald Chi-square

P value

OR (95% CI)

Age

 < 45

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

45–50

0.2897

0.0543

28.5085

 < 0.0001

1.34 (1.20–1.49)

 

 ≥ 50

0.6419

0.0685

87.7373

 < 0.0001

1.90 (1.66–2.17)

BMI

 

0.0264

0.00824

10.2513

0.0014

1.03 (1.01–1.04)

Marital status

Married

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

Others

0.3852

0.1183

10.5943

0.0011

1.47 (1.17–1.85)

Occupation

Clerical or professional

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

Farmer or manual

0.0813

0.0718

1.2831

0.2573

1.08 (0.94–1.25)

 

Others

0.00385

0.0729

0.0028

0.9578

1.00 (0.87–1.16)

Family income

 < 1800 $

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

1800–3600 $

 − 0.0651

0.0562

1.3416

0.2468

0.94 (0.84–1.05)

 

 > 3600 $

− 0.1035

0.0590

3.0785

0.0793

0.90 (0.80–1.01)

Education

Illiterate or elementary school

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

Middle school

− 0.3388

0.0618

30.0884

 < 0.0001

0.71 (0.63–0.80)

 

High school

− 0.5871

0.0775

57.3372

 < 0.0001

0.56 (0.48–0.65)

 

College and above

− 0.8246

0.0901

83.7898

 < 0.0001

0.44 (0.37–0.52)

Physical activity

Never

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

1–3 times/week

0.1227

0.0836

2.1531

0.1423

1.13 (0.96–1.33)

 

4–6 times/week

0.1773

0.0823

4.6377

0.0313

1.19 (1.02–1.40)

 

 ≥ 7 times/week

− 0.1533

0.0645

5.6500

0.0175

0.86 (0.76–0.97)

Age at menarche

 < 15 years

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

 ≥ 15 years

0.00505

0.0471

0.0115

0.9146

1.01 (0.92–1.10)

Duration of Menstruation

 < 5 days

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

5–6 days

0.0201

0.0496

0.1636

0.6858

1.02 (0.93–1.12)

 

 ≥ 7 days

0.1768

0.0606

8.5210

0.0035

1.19 (1.06–1.34)

Interval of Menstruation

 ≤ 28 days

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

 > 28 days

0.0153

0.0450

0.1160

0.7335

1.02 (0.93–1.11)

Pregnancy time

0–1

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

2–3

0.1689

0.0670

6.3618

0.0117

1.18 (1.04–1.35)

 

 > 3

0.3814

0.0834

20.9303

 < 0.0001

1.46 (1.24–1.72)

Duration of breastfeeding

 < 12 months

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

12 months

0.000538

0.0553

0.0001

0.9922

1.00 (0.90–1.12)

 

 > 12 months

0.1316

0.0574

5.2595

0.0218

1.14 (1.02–1.28)

Menopausal status

Premenopause

    

1.00 (Ref.)

 

Perimenopause

0.7530

0.0563

178.7927

 < 0.0001

2.12 (1.90–2.37)

 

Postmenopause

0.9270

0.0662

196.0497

 < 0.0001

2.53 (2.22–2.88)

Gynecological disease

 

− 0.3821

0.0470

66.0550

 < 0.0001

0.68 (0.62–0.75)

Breast disease

 

− 0.2354

0.0534

19.4351

 < 0.0001

0.79 (0.71–0.88)

Chronic disease

 

− 0.6737

0.0665

102.5331

 < 0.0001

0.51 (0.45–0.58)

MHT (yes)

 

0.3312

0.0964

11.8077

0.0006

1.39 (1.15–1.68)

  1. Factors in Table 5 satisfies the proportional odds assumption of ordinal logistic regression, then they have equal slopes across the response functions
  2. BMI, body mass index; MHT, Menopausal hormone therapy; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; Ref, reference
Back to article page

BMC Women's Health

ISSN: 1472-6874

Contact us