| Anxious about next period | Unadjusted | Model A—variables from levels 1 and 2 | Model B—variables from levels 1, 2 and 3 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Total | No. | % | OR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI |
Level 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Resource limitations | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Socio-economic status |  |  |  |  | p = 0.42 |  |  |  |  |
 Higher SES | 116 | 71 | 61.2 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Lower SES | 106 | 59 | 55.7 | 0.80 | (0.47–1.37) |  |  |  |  |
Socio-cultural context | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
School | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 School A |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 School B |  |  |  |  |  | 1.14 | (0.61–2.15) | 1.13 | (0.57–2.26) |
Ethnic group |  |  |  |  | p = 0.18 |  |  |  |  |
 Muganda | 102 | 58 | 56.9 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Munyankole | 34 | 25 | 73.5 | 2.07 | (0.86–4.97) |  |  |  |  |
 Other | 86 | 47 | 54.7 | 0.91 | (0.51–1.63) |  |  |  |  |
Religion |  |  |  |  | p = 0.84 |  |  |  |  |
 Roman Catholic | 77 | 48 | 62.3 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Anglican | 52 | 28 | 53.8 | 0.72 | (0.35–1.47) |  |  |  |  |
 Other Christian | 54 | 32 | 59.3 | 0.88 | (0.43–1.79) |  |  |  |  |
 Muslim | 38 | 22 | 57.9 | 0.88 | (0.39–2.01) |  |  |  |  |
Lives with mother |  |  |  |  | p < 0.01 |  | p = 0.03 |  | p = 0.05 |
 Yes | 109 | 53 | 48.6 | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 No | 113 | 77 | 68.1 | 2.25 | (1.30–3.91) | 1.87 | (1.05–3.36) | 1.91 | (1.01–3.60) |
Lives with father |  |  |  |  | p = 0.65 |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 85 | 37 | 43.5 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 No | 137 | 55 | 40.1 | 1.14 | (0.66–1.97) |  |  |  |  |
Level 2 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Behavioural expectations | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
It is healthy for a girl to run, dance or cycle during her period |  |  |  |  | p = 0.03 |  | p < 0.01 |  | p = 0.07 |
 Agrees | 107 | 55 | 51.4 | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Doesn't agree | 115 | 75 | 65.2 | 1.81 | (1.05–3.12) | 2.27 | (1.26–4.11) | 1.83 | (0.95–3.50) |
Menstrual knowledge | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No. menstrual biology questions correcta |  |  |  |  | p = 0.02 |  | p < 0.01 |  | p = 0.01 |
 ≤ 7 | 133 | 69 | 51.9 | 0.50 | (0.28–0.88) | 0.46 | (0.25–0.85) | 0.44 | (0.23–0.84) |
 8/9 | 89 | 61 | 68.5 | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |
No. menstrual cycle questions correctb |  |  |  |  | p = 0.92 |  |  |  |  |
 0/1 | 79 | 46 | 58.2 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 2/3 | 143 | 84 | 58.7 | 1.03 | (0.59–1.80) |  |  |  |  |
No. effective pain management methods knownc |  |  |  |  | p = 0.24 |  |  |  |  |
 0–1 methods | 99 | 58 | 58.6 | 1.42 | (0.73–2.74) |  |  |  |  |
 2–3 methods | 64 | 42 | 65.6 | 1.87 | (0.90–3.87) |  |  |  |  |
 4+ methods | 59 | 30 | 50.8 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
Painkillers cause problems having children |  |  |  |  | p = 0.80 |  |  |  |  |
 Disagrees | 126 | 73 | 57.9 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Doesn't disagree | 96 | 57 | 59.4 | 1.07 | (0.62–1.84) |  |  |  |  |
When a girl has her period she is unclean |  |  |  |  | p < 0.01 |  | p < 0.01 |  | p = 0.04 |
 Disagrees | 116 | 57 | 49.1 | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Doesn't disagree | 106 | 73 | 68.9 | 2.32 | (1.34–4.02) | 2.50 | (1.38–4.51) | 1.97 | (1.04–3.73) |
Sanitary pads can cause sickness or infection |  |  |  |  | p = 0.31 |  |  |  |  |
 Disagrees | 141 | 79 | 56.0 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Doesn't disagree | 81 | 51 | 63.0 | 1.34 | (0.76–2.35) |  |  |  |  |
Level 3 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Menstrual practices | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Only used manufactured materials at LMPd |  |  |  |  | p = 0.14 |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 162 | 90 | 55.6 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 No | 60 | 40 | 66.7 | 1.59 | (0.85–2.96) |  |  |  |  |
Individual menstrual factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Blood leaked through clothes in LMP |  |  |  |  | p = 0.57 |  |  |  |  |
 No | 82 | 50 | 61 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 74 | 48 | 64.9 | 0.83 | (0.43–1.59) |  |  |  |  |
Pain during LMP |  |  |  |  | p = 0.65 |  |  |  |  |
 No | 57 | 32 | 56.1 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 165 | 98 | 59.4 | 0.87 | (0.47–1.60) |  |  |  |  |
Menstrual confidence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
During my period I feel less self-confident than during other days |  |  |  |  | p < 0.01 |  |  |  |  |
 Disagrees | 51 | 21 | 41.2 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Doesn't disagree | 171 | 109 | 63.7 | 2.50 | (1.31–4.76) |  |  |  |  |
During my period I avoid physical activity (e.g. walking, running) |  |  |  |  | p < 0.01 |  |  |  | p < 0.01 |
 Disagrees | 110 | 50 | 45.5 | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |
 Doesn't disagree | 112 | 80 | 71.4 | 3.04 | (1.74–5.32) |  |  | 2.49 | (1.33–4.65) |
I prefer staying at home during my period rather than going to school |  |  |  |  | p < 0.01 |  |  |  |  |
 Disagrees | 167 | 89 | 53.3 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Doesn't disagree | 55 | 41 | 74.5 | 2.64 | (1.33–5.23) |  |  |  |  |
I feel comfortable to talk to other girls at school about my period |  |  |  |  | p = 0.07 |  |  |  | p = 0.11 |
 Agrees | 103 | 54 | 52.4 | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |
 Doesn't agree | 119 | 76 | 63.9 | 1.67 | (0.97–2.89) |  |  | 1.68 | (0.89–3.17) |
If I had a problem with managing my period, I would talk to another girl about it |  |  |  |  | p = 0.93 |  |  |  |  |
 Agrees | 163 | 96 | 58.9 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Doesn't agree | 59 | 34 | 57.6 | 0.97 | (0.53–1.79) |  |  |  |  |
Boys/girls tease me about my period |  |  |  |  | p < 0.01 |  |  |  | p = 0.01 |
 Disagrees | 171 | 90 | 52.6 | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |
 Doesn't disagree | 51 | 40 | 78.4 | 3.25 | (1.56–6.77) |  |  | 2.89 | (1.28–6.54) |
Menstrual shame and distress | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
I worry about being teased during my period |  |  |  |  | p < 0.01 |  |  |  | p = 0.01 |
 Disagrees | 95 | 43 | 45.3 | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |
 Doesn't disagree | 127 | 87 | 68.5 | 2.62 | (1.51–4.54) |  |  | 2.27 | (1.21–4.27) |