Mixed-sex N = 324 | Women-only N = 96 | Between Group† | Home-based N = 8 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intake | Discharge | Change* | Intake | Discharge | Change* | P | Intake | Discharge | Change* | |
Cardiorespiratory fitness | ||||||||||
VO2peak (ml/kg/min)° | 17.7 ± 5.3 | 20.8 ± 6.0 | 2.8 ± 2.7*** | 16.0 ± 4.5 | 19.8 ± 4.5 | 3.0 ± 2.7*** | .008 | 18.3 ± 6.4 | 18.6 ± 6.2 | 0.6 ± 2.0 |
METs | 5.1 ± 1.5 | 5.9 ± 1.7 | 0.8 ± 0.8*** | 4.6 ± 1.3 | 5.6 ± 1.3 | 0.9 ± 0.8*** | .005 | 5.2 ± 1.8 | 5.2 ± 1.8 | 0.0 ± 0.7 |
Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||||||||
SBP (mmHg) | 121.6 ± 17.6 | 120.3 ± 15.6 | − 0.8 ± 17.1 | 124.0 ± 17.0 | 123.9 ± 15.1 | 1.9 ± 16.7 | .068 | 123.9 ± 20.3 | 116.6 ± 17.5 | − 5.4 ± 12.3 |
DBP (mmHg) | 72.9 ± 9.8 | 73.1 ± 8.0 | 0.2 ± 9.4 | 72.2 ± 8.0 | 74.2 ± 8.0 | 1.9 ± 9.4 | .997 | 67.7 ± 8.8 | 66.8 ± 6.6 | − 1.7 ± 10.8 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.1 ± 1.1 | 4.1 ± 1.2 | − 0.0 ± 0.8 | 4.0 ± 1.2 | 4.0 ± 1.1 | − 0.0 ± 0.6 | .827 | 4.0 ± 1.3 | 5.0 ± 1.2 | 0.5 ± 1.3 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | − 0.0 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | − 0.1 ± 0.4 | .899 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.8 | 0.4 ± 0.3 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 0.1 ± 0.2** | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | − 0.0 ± 0.0 | .309 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.2 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.0 ± 1.0 | 2.0 ± 1.0 | − 0.1 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 1.0 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 0.0 ± 0.1 | .752 | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 0.2 ± 1.0 |
Tobacco use, (% current) | 3 (5.9%) | 2 (5.1%) | − 1 (2.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 | N/A | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 89.2 ± 13.9 | 87.9 ± 13.9 | − 1.3 ± 6.3** | 90.3 ± 13.5 | 89.2 ± 14.5 | − 0.0 ± 0.7 | .304 | 95.9 ± 17.6 | 92.6 ± 23.2 | − 3.1 ± 7.2 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.5 ± 5.7 | 27.3 ± 5.6 | − 0.1 ± 1.4 | 27.8 ± 5.2 | 27.8 ± 5.9 | 0.0 ± 0.2 | .524 | 31.9 ± 11.0 | 30.3 ± 11.9 | − 1.6 ± 2.1 |
Psychosocial well-being | ||||||||||
Depressive symptoms (CES-D) | 12.6 ± 9.9 | 10.4 ± 8.7 | − 1.5 ± 8.1* | 13.8 ± 8.5 | 11.2 ± 10.7 | − 1.4 ± 2.3 | .468 | 11.0 ± 6.8 | 13.0 ± 4.4 | 2.5 ± 0.7 |
Quality of life (Cantril’s ladder of life; 0–10) | 6.8 ± 1.9 | 7.5 ± 1.5 | 0.7 ± 1.7** | 7.2 ± 1.6 | 7.7 ± 1.6 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | .157 | 7.0§ | 7.0§ | 0§§ |