Table 1 Characteristics of social ecological risk-factors among Syrian refugee women in Jordan
|  |  | Depression (n = 507) | Anxiety (n = 503) | Post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 506) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 507) | Participants not meeting depression criteria (n = 188) | Participants meeting depression criteria (n = 319) | Chi-square or T-test | Participants not meeting anxiety criteria (n = 214) | Participants meeting anxiety criteria (n = 289) | Chi-square or T-test | Participants not meeting PTSD criteria (n = 171) | Participants meeting PTSD criteria (n = 335) | Chi-square or T-test | |
n(%) or \({\overline{\text{x}}}\) (SD) | n(%) or \({\overline{\text{x}}}\) (SD) | n(%) or \({\overline{\text{x}}}\) (SD) | n(%) or \({\overline{\text{x}}}\) (SD) | n(%) or \({\overline{\text{x}}}\) (SD) | n(%) or \({\overline{\text{x}}}\) (SD) | n(%) or \({\overline{\text{x}}}\) (SD) | ||||
Individual risk factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age (SD) | 34.15 (10.99) | 32.21 (10.50) | 35.30 (11.13) | p = 0.002a | 31.39 (9.61) | 36.23 (11.46) | p < 0.001a | 31.54 (10.21) | 35.43 (11.11) | p < 0.001a |
Marriage status (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Unmarried | 50 (9.86) | 12 (6.38) | 38 (11.91) | p = 0.044 | 15 (7.01) | 34 (11.76) | p = 0.075 | 11 (6.43) | 38 (11.34) | p = 0.077 |
 Married | 457 (90.14) | 176 (93.62) | 281 (88.09) |  | 199 (92.99) | 255 (88.24) |  | 160 (93.57) | 297 (88.66) |  |
Children under 18 in Household (SD) | 3.39 (2.08) | 3.40 (1.94) | 3.39 (2.16) | p = 0.971a | 3.25 (1.89) | 3.52 (2.21) | p = 0.155a | 3.14 (1.89) | 3.53 (2.16) | p = 0.0434a |
Ability to read and write with ease (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 439 (86.59) | 166 (88.30) | 273 (85.58) | p = 0.386 | 184 (85.98) | 251 (86.85) | p = 0.778 | 145 (84.80) | 293 (87.46) | p = 0.405 |
 Yes | 68 (13.41) | 22 (11.70) | 46 (14.42) |  | 30 (14.02) | 38 (13.15) |  | 26 (15.20) | 42 (12.54) |  |
Interpersonal risk factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Past year physical and/or sexual IPV (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 173 (34.12) | 37 (19.68) | 136 (42.63) | p < 0.001 | 43 (20.09) | 129 (44.64) | p < 0.001 | 22 (12.87) | 151 (45.07) | p < 0.001 |
 No | 334 (65.88) | 151 (80.32) | 183 (57.37) |  | 171 (79.91) | 160 (55.36) |  | 149 (87.13) | 184 (54.93) |  |
Community and societal risk factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Number of postmigration stressors (SD) n = 494 | 7.43 (2.98) | 5.94 (2.91) | 8.32 (2.65) | p < 0.001a | 6.16 (3.15) | 8.40 (2.44) | p < 0.001a | 5.49 (2.99) | 8.46 (2.41) | p < 0.001a |
Covariates | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Years in Jordan (SD) | 5.18 (1.38) | 5.20 (1.38) | 5.17 (1.38) | p = 0.796a | 5.01 (1.29) | 5.32 (1.42) | p = 0.0129a | 5.06 (1.29) | 5.24 (1.42) | p = 0.918a |
Time displaced in Syria (SD) n = 504 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less than 1Â month | 201 (39.88) | 90 (48.39) | 111 (34.91) | Â | 95 (44.60) | 105 (36.59) | Â | 80 (47.06) | 121 (36.34) | Â |
 1 month–less than 1 year | 147 (29.17) | 51 (27.42) | 96 (30.19) | p = 0.007 | 66 (30.99) | 80 (27.87) | p = 0.026 | 47 (27.65) | 100 (30.03) | p = 0.050 |
 1 year or longer | 156 (30.95) | 45 (24.19) | 111 (34.91) |  | 52 (24.41) | 102 (35.54) |  | 43 (25.29) | 112 (33.63) |  |
Clinic location (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Amman | 153 (30.18) | 72 (38.30) | 81 (25.39) |  | 87 (40.65) | 64 (22.15) |  | 71 (41.52) | 82 (24.48) |  |
 Zarqa | 100 (19.72) | 47 (25.00) | 53 (16.61) | p < 0.001 | 50 (23.36) | 50 (17.30) | p < 0.001 | 42 (24.56) | 58 (17.31) | p < 0.001 |
 Mafraq | 126 (24.85) | 30 (15.96) | 96 (30.09) |  | 36 (16.82) | 89 (30.08) |  | 31 (18.13) | 94 (28.06) |  |
 Ramtha | 128 (25.25) | 39 (20.74) | 89 (27.90) |  | 41 (19.16) | 86 (29.76) |  | 27 (15.79) | 101 (30.15) |  |
Governorate of origin in Syria (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Aleppo or Idlib | 96 (18.93) | 35 (18.62) | 61 (19.12) |  | 40 (18.69) | 55 (19.03) |  | 31 (18.13) | 64 (19.10) |  |
 Al-Raqqah, Deir ez-Zor, or Hasaka | 54 (10.65) | 32 (17.02) | 22 (6.90) |  | 35 (16.36) | 18 (6.23) |  | 30 (17.54) | 24 (7.16) |  |
 Damascus or Rif Dimashq | 60 (11.83) | 27 (14.36) | 33 (10.34) | p = 0.002 | 27 (12.62) | 33 (11.42) | p = 0.005 | 21 (12.28) | 39 (11.64) | p = 0.001 |
 As-Suwayda, Daraa or Qunitra | 182 (35.90) | 59 (31.38) | 123 (38.56) |  | 66 (30.84) | 115 (39.79) |  | 46 (26.90) | 136 (40.60) |  |
 Hama or Homs | 115 (22.68) | 35 (18.62) | 80 (25.08) |  | 46 (21.50) | 68 (23.53) |  | 43 (25.15) | 72 (21.49) |  |