Physical activity and health-related quality of life among high-risk women for type 2 diabetes in the early years after pregnancy

Table 2 Armband outcomes in all women with obesity and/or prior GDM groups, and in BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² and GDM group

ArmBand-outcomes	Whole sample (N = 204) Median (min–max; IQR)	BMI < 30 kg m⁻² (N = 94) Median (IQR)	BMI ≥ 30 kg m⁻² (N = 110) Median (IQR)	p Value^a	GDM− (N = 62) Median (IQR)	GDM+ (N = 142) Median (IQR)	p Value^a	BMI ≥ 30 kg m⁻² AND GDM+ (N = 59) Median (IQR)	p Value^a (compared to whole sample)
Sleep, hours/day	6.8 (2.7–10.1; 1.1)	7.0 (1.2)	6.6 (1.2)	0.036*	6.6 (1.3)	6.8 (1.1)	0.280	6.5 (1.1)	0.008*
Total steps/day	8582 (3233–21,769; 4265)	9358 (4432)	8111 (3584)	0.034*	8787 (3057)	8539 (4379)	0.440	7856 (3516)	0.014*
Sedentary time (sleep not included), min/day	619.3 (324.2–989.5; 175.4)	553.0 (139.0)	673.4 (164.2)	< 0.001**	620.6 (162.3)	615.0 (175.9)	0.877	695.8 (172.6)	< 0.001**
LPA, min/day	258.0 (87.6–490.0; 120.7)	282.0 (91.0)	237.9 (132.0)	< 0.001**	262.9 (109.0)	257.7 (129.1)	0.877	224.5 (146.4)	0.012*
MVPA, min/day	64.9 (1.6–383.0; 58.5)	91.0 (57.0)	44.3 (33.4)	< 0.001**	56.4 (35.8)	70.5 (69)	0.042*	41.8 (37.0)	< 0.001**
VPA, min/day	0.3 (0–51.9; 2.8)	1.8 (8.0)	0.0 (0.5)	< 0.001**	0.2 (1.5)	0.4 (3.7)	0.371	0.00 (0.4)	< 0.001**

GDM gestational diabetes, BMI body mass index, PA physical activity, IQR interquartile range, LPA light physical activity, MVPA moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, VPA vigorous physical activity
GDM+ = GDM in prior pregnancy
GDM− = No prior GDM
^ap Value from Mann–Whitney U test. Difference between the BMI groups, the GDM-groups and between BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² and GDM+ group and the whole sample
*p Value < 0.05
**p Value < 0.001

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