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Table 10 Multivariate analysis of sexual violence among pregnant women in Kenya (2014), adjusted and weighted

From: Intimate partner violence among pregnant women in Kenya: forms, perpetrators and associations

Variable

aOR

95% CI

p-value

Age (continuous)

1.00

0.99–1.02

0.406

Age in 5-year-group

15–19\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

20–24

1.60

0.84–3.36

0.181

25–29

1.72

0.92–3.57

0.112

30–34

1.57

0.83–3.29

0.193

35–39

1.92

1.02–4.04

0.060

40–44

1.71

0.88–3.64

0.135

45–49

1.60

0.81–3.45

0.201

Age at first cohabitation

\(\le\) 14\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

15–17

1.29

1.06–1.58

0.012*

18+

0.71

0.58–0.86

< 0.001**

Age at sexual debut

\(\le\) 14\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

15–17

1.34

1.10–1.62

0.003**

18+

0.58

0.48–0.70

< 0.001**

Religion

Roman Catholic\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Protestant, other Christian

1.09

0.87–1.38

0.466

Muslim

0.29

0.18–0.45

< 0.001**

No religion

0.83

0.43–1.49

0.547

Other religion

1.40

0.31–4.45

0.608

Residence

Urban\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Rural

0.90

0.74–1.10

0.311

Region

Central\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Eastern

0.60

0.48–0.74

< 0.001**

Western

1.67

1.38–2.03

< 0.001**

Nairobi

2.60

1.50–4.42

< 0.001**

Marital status

Married or living together\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Divorced, separated, widowed

1.87

1.48–2.33

< 0.001**

Number of living children

\(0^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

1–2

0.97

0.78–1.21

0.801

3–4

1.14

0.94–1.38

0.173

5

0.98

0.77–1.25

0.858

Employment (yes)

1.84

1.48–2.31

< 0.001**

Education

No education\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Primary

1.85

1.36–2.55

< 0.001**

Secondary or higher

0.67

0.54–0.84

< 0.001**

Wealth quintile

Poorer or Poorest\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Middle

1.17

0.88–1.56

0.277

Richer or Richest

0.63

0.50–0.80

< 0.001**

Woman afraid of partner

Never\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Sometimes

3.65

2.90–4.59

< 0.001**

Most of the time

8.56

6.71–10.94

< 0.001**

Woman’s father beat mother

2.05

1.69–2.49

< 0.001**

Partner’s age

15–24\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

25–34

1.08

0.82–1.41

0.589

35+

1.12

0.84–1.49

0.449

Partner’s education

No education\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Primary

2.52

1.75–3.72

< 0.001**

Secondary or higher

0.89

0.72–1.10

0.293

Partner working

Did not work\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Professional, technical, managerial or clerical or services

0.85

0.66–1.07

0.166

Manual or agricultural or household and domestic

1.18

0.94–1.48

0.167

Partner’s alcohol consumption

Never\(^{\mathrm{r}}\)

   

Often

3.01

2.30–3.94

< 0.001**

Sometimes

0.35

0.26–0.45

< 0.001**

  1. Model is adjusted for woman’s age, education, ethnicity, employment and place of residence (urban, rural). Age variable is presented in years
  2. aOR, adjusted Odds Ratio. 95% CI, 95% Confidence Interval. \(^{\mathrm{r}}\)Reference group. *p-value \(<0.05\). **p-value \(<0.005\)