From: Intimate partner violence among pregnant women in Kenya: forms, perpetrators and associations
Variable | aOR | 95% CI | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (continuous) | 1.00 | 0.99–1.02 | 0.406 |
Age in 5-year-group | |||
15–19\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) |  |  |  |
20–24 | 1.60 | 0.84–3.36 | 0.181 |
25–29 | 1.72 | 0.92–3.57 | 0.112 |
30–34 | 1.57 | 0.83–3.29 | 0.193 |
35–39 | 1.92 | 1.02–4.04 | 0.060 |
40–44 | 1.71 | 0.88–3.64 | 0.135 |
45–49 | 1.60 | 0.81–3.45 | 0.201 |
Age at first cohabitation | |||
\(\le\) 14\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
15–17 | 1.29 | 1.06–1.58 | 0.012* |
18+ | 0.71 | 0.58–0.86 | < 0.001** |
Age at sexual debut | |||
\(\le\) 14\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
15–17 | 1.34 | 1.10–1.62 | 0.003** |
18+ | 0.58 | 0.48–0.70 | < 0.001** |
Religion | |||
Roman Catholic\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Protestant, other Christian | 1.09 | 0.87–1.38 | 0.466 |
Muslim | 0.29 | 0.18–0.45 | < 0.001** |
No religion | 0.83 | 0.43–1.49 | 0.547 |
Other religion | 1.40 | 0.31–4.45 | 0.608 |
Residence | |||
Urban\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Rural | 0.90 | 0.74–1.10 | 0.311 |
Region | |||
Central\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Eastern | 0.60 | 0.48–0.74 | < 0.001** |
Western | 1.67 | 1.38–2.03 | < 0.001** |
Nairobi | 2.60 | 1.50–4.42 | < 0.001** |
Marital status | |||
Married or living together\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Divorced, separated, widowed | 1.87 | 1.48–2.33 | < 0.001** |
Number of living children | |||
\(0^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
1–2 | 0.97 | 0.78–1.21 | 0.801 |
3–4 | 1.14 | 0.94–1.38 | 0.173 |
5 | 0.98 | 0.77–1.25 | 0.858 |
Employment (yes) | 1.84 | 1.48–2.31 | < 0.001** |
Education | |||
No education\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Primary | 1.85 | 1.36–2.55 | < 0.001** |
Secondary or higher | 0.67 | 0.54–0.84 | < 0.001** |
Wealth quintile | |||
Poorer or Poorest\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Middle | 1.17 | 0.88–1.56 | 0.277 |
Richer or Richest | 0.63 | 0.50–0.80 | < 0.001** |
Woman afraid of partner | |||
Never\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Sometimes | 3.65 | 2.90–4.59 | < 0.001** |
Most of the time | 8.56 | 6.71–10.94 | < 0.001** |
Woman’s father beat mother | 2.05 | 1.69–2.49 | < 0.001** |
Partner’s age | |||
15–24\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) |  |  |  |
25–34 | 1.08 | 0.82–1.41 | 0.589 |
35+ | 1.12 | 0.84–1.49 | 0.449 |
Partner’s education | |||
No education\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Primary | 2.52 | 1.75–3.72 | < 0.001** |
Secondary or higher | 0.89 | 0.72–1.10 | 0.293 |
Partner working | |||
Did not work\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Professional, technical, managerial or clerical or services | 0.85 | 0.66–1.07 | 0.166 |
Manual or agricultural or household and domestic | 1.18 | 0.94–1.48 | 0.167 |
Partner’s alcohol consumption | |||
Never\(^{\mathrm{r}}\) | Â | Â | Â |
Often | 3.01 | 2.30–3.94 | < 0.001** |
Sometimes | 0.35 | 0.26–0.45 | < 0.001** |