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Table 2 Determinants of rural urban utilization of contraceptives among female adolescents in Zambia

From: Rural-urban correlates of modern contraceptives utilization among adolescents in Zambia: a national cross-sectional survey

Characteristics

Rural COR (95%CI)

p-value

Rural AOR (95%CI)

Urban COR (95%CI)

p-value

Urban AOR (95%CI)

Sex of family head

 

0.356

  

0.078

 

Male

1

  

1

 

1

Female

0.83 (0.56–1.24)

  

0.60 (0.34–1.06)

 

0.59(0.28–1.22)

Provinces

 

< 0.001

  

0.882

 

Western

1

 

1

1

 

1

Copperbelt

0.43 (0.19–0.99)

 

0.57 (0.21–1.58)

0.87 (0.32–2.34)

 

-

Eastern

0.89 (0.49–1.62)

 

0.69 (0.30–1.58)

0.71 (0.17-3.00)

 

-

Luapula

0.37 (0.19–0.74)

 

0.35 (0.15–0.81)

0.54 (0.17–1.73)

 

-

Lusaka

0.71 (0.31–1.62)

 

0.87 (0.35–2.19)

0.76 (0.26–2.20)

 

-

Muchinga

0.51 (0.25–1.04)

 

0.45 (0.18–1.13)

0.90 (0.20–3.99)

 

-

Northern

0.28 (0.12–0.65)

 

0.29 (0.11–0.80)

0.55 (0.14–2.23)

 

-

North Western

1.39 (0.76–2.56)

 

2.00 (0.80–5.01)

1.16 (0.32–4.25)

 

-

Southern

0.57 (0.29–1.14)

 

0.57 (0.22–1.49)

0.48 (0.15–1.55)

 

-

Central

0.71 (0.34–1.50)

 

0.75 (0.30–1.91)

0.92 (0.33–2.56)

 

-

FP messages exposure

 

0.035

  

0.286

 

No

1

 

1

1

  

Yes

1.55 (1.03–2.33)

 

2.27 (1.43–3.62)

1.39 (0.76–2.53)

  

Working status

 

< 0.001

  

0.029

 

Not working

1

 

1

1

 

1

Working

1.89 (1.39–2.56)

 

0.95 (0.67–1.36)

2.13 (1.08–4.21)

 

0.76 (0.24–2.43)

Marital status

 

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 

Not Married

1

 

1

1

 

1

Married

7.32(5.26–10.18)

 

2.13 (1.42–3.18)

8.19(4.06–16.53)

 

1.28 (0.58–2.80)

Education level

 

0.271

  

0.262

 

No Education

1

  

1

  

Primary Education

1.49 (0.70–3.14)

  

3.44 (0.49–24.02)

  

Post Primary Education

1.22 (0.56–2.62)

  

2.45 (0.36–16.83)

  

Wealth index

 

0.061

  

0.010

 

Poorest

1

 

1

1

 

1

Poorer

0.89 (0.63–1.26)

 

1.15 (0.72–1.85)

0.73 (0.14–3.99)

 

0.21 (0.01–3.85)

Middle

0.63 (0.42–0.95)

 

0.97 (0.57–1.67)

1.44 (0.24–8.75)

 

0.61(0.03–14.11)

Richer

0.47 (0.23–0.97)

 

0.67 (0.32–1.40)

1.35 (0.22–8.19)

 

1.09(0.04–26.85)

Richest

0.48 (0.20–1.17)

 

2.87 (1.01–8.18)

0.49 (0.07–3.08)

 

1.07(0.03–29.54)

Age

 

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 

15

16

1

2.69 (0.97–7.41)

 

1

1.85 (0.67–5.13)

1

0.54 (0.18–2.11)

 

1

0.29 (0.07–1.29)

17

5.34 (2.11–13.56)

 

2.08 (0.80–5.42)

4.43 (1.23–15.94)

 

1.65 (0.37–7.40)

18

9.83 (3.94–24.49)

 

2.46 (0.95–6.38)

6.84 (2.48–18.88)

 

1.84 (0.62–5.46)

19

20.28 (8.38–49.08)

 

3.90 (1.52–10.03)

17.61(7.02–44.11)

 

4.80(1.55–14.84)

Gave birth

 

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 

No

1

 

1

1

 

1

Yes

23.13(14.83–36.07)

 

13.99(8.60-22.77

25.85(13.13–50.88

 

18.52(9.50-36.14

Field work visited

 

0.001

  

0.727

 

No

1

 

1

1

  

Yes

2.09 (1.38–3.16)

 

1.62 (1.01–2.64)

0.85 (0.34–2.14)

  

Permission for care

 

0.820

  

0.516

 

Big problem

1

  

1

  

Not big problem

1.07 (0.59–1.95)

  

1.63 (0.37–7.10)

  

Distance to care

 

0.654

  

0.460

 

Big problem

1

  

1

  

Not big problem

1.06 (0.81–1.40)

  

1.31 (0.64–2.65)

  
  1. Bold = Significant at p-value < 0.05