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Table 3 The incidence rate ratio of women’s autonomy in the household and other explanatory variables predicting the likelihood of fertility: Poisson regression models

From: Determinants of fertility in Malawi: Does women autonomy dimension matter?

Variables

Fertility (Children ever born)

Unadjusted (Model 1)

Adjusted (model 2)

Adjusted (Model 3)

UIRR

95% C.I

AIRR

95% C.I

AIRR

95% C.I

Autonomy in household decision making participation

Have autonomy

1.07

0.98–1.17

1.02

0.99–1.05

1.02

0.99–1.05

Have partial autonomy

1.04

0.95–1.13

1.01

0.98–1.03

1.01

0.99–1.04

Have no autonomy

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Sexual autonomy

Have autonomy

0.69***

0.64–0.75

0.90***

0.88–0.92

0.98

0.95–1.00

Have partial autonomy

0.87***

0.79–0.96

0.96***

0.94–0.99

1.00

0.97–1.02

Have no autonomy

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Age at first cohabitation/marriage

19 year and less

  

1.17***

1.14–1.19

1.15***

1.13–1.18

20 years and above

  

1.00

 

1.00

 

Contraceptive use

Using modern methods

  

1.19***

1.17–1.21

1.17***

1.15–1.19

Not using modern

  

1.00

 

1.00

 

Type of place of residence

Urban

    

0.91***

0.88–0.93

Rural

    

1.00

 

Highest education level

No education

    

1.83***

1.67–1.99

Primary

    

1.55***

1.42–1.69

Secondary

    

1.23***

1.13–1.33

Higher

    

1.00

 

Household economic status

Poor

    

1.05***

1.01–1.09

Middle income

    

1.00

0.99–1.07

Rich

    

1.00

 

Husband/partner’s level of education

No education

    

1.23***

1.16–1.30

Primary

    

1.18***

1.12–1.24

Secondary

    

1.02

0.97–1.07

Higher

    

1.00

 

Employed

No

    

0.95

0.91–1.00

Yes

    

1.00

 

Exposure to media-radio listening

Not at all

    

1.01

0.99–1.03

Less than once a week

    

1.00

0.98–1.03

At least once a week

    

1.00

 

Exposure to media-watching television

Not at all

    

1.04

0.99–1.08

Less than once a week

    

1.02

0.97–1.06

At least once a week

    

1.00

 
  1. ***Statistically significant at P < 0.05