Table 3 The results of the confirmatory factor analysis of the questionnaire on breast cancer screening behaviors

Perceived sensitivity

1) I may also get breast cancer.

0.89

0.13

1

1

2) There is a possibility that I will get breast cancer for the rest of my life.

0.79

0.27

1

1

3) As I get older, I am more likely to get breast cancer.

0.72

0.43

1

1

Perceived severity

4) If the lump in the breast is not diagnosed in time, the lump can progress quickly.

0.52

0.34

1

1

5) If breast cancer is not diagnosed in time, it can cause death.

0.67

0.28

1

1

6) Late detection of breast cancer is frightening.

0.58

0.44

0.9

0.9

7) If breast cancer is diagnosed late, it is more difficult to treat.

0.75

0.16

1

0.9

8) If breast cancer is diagnosed late, breast removal may be needed.

0.84

0.12

0.9

1

Perceived barriers

9) Fear of being diagnosed with cancer prevents screening.

0.54

1.27

0.9

1

10) I do not feel good about examining my breasts.

0.53

1.23

0.9

1

11) I forget to do a breast self-examination every month.

0.61

0.91

1

1

12) Breast self-examination is time consuming.

0.70

0.78

1

1

13) I do not know how to do a breast self-examination.

0.59

1.24

1

0.9

14) Staying away from the mammography center will prevent this examination.

0.80

0.58

0.9

0.9

15) I do not do mammography because it is painful.

0.81

0.53

1

1

16) Prolonged waiting for a mammogram prevents this examination.

0.81

0.57

1

1

17) Because I’m not insured, I do not have mammograms.

0.73

0.59

1

1

Perceived benefits

18) I feel satisfied and safe by doing a breast self-examination.

0.65

0.33

1

1

19) Breast self-examination reduces the risk of dying from breast cancer.

0.72

0.20

1

1

20) An examination by a midwife will reveal lumps that I have not been able to diagnose myself.

0.81

0.13

0.9

1

21) Early detection of breast cancer reduces the complications of the disease.

0.65

0.11

1

0.9

22) Early detection of breast cancer can significantly reduce the cost of the disease.

0.74

0.19

1

0.9

Self-efficacy

23) I’m sure I can learn the skill of breast self - examination.

0.59

0.28

1

1

24) I can adjust my schedule to have a breast self-examination at least once a month.

0.53

0.54

1

1

25) I can set my time so that I do not forget to do a breast self-examination on time.

0.56

0.61

1

1

26) I can find a secluded and suitable place for breast self-examination.

0.64

0.42

1

1

27) Even if I am embarrassed, I still go to the doctor / midwife for a breast exam.

0.62

0.48

1

1

28) Despite the pain of mammography, I can have a mammogram.

0.67

0.37

0.9

1

29) By managing my expenses, I can afford a mammogram.

0.78

0.23

1

1

30) Despite the remoteness of the mammography center, I can have a mammogram if needed.

0.79

0.22

1

1

31) Despite my busy schedule, I can still have screening tests.

0.72

0.40

1

1

Motivation

32) Maintaining and promoting health is very important to me.

0.59

0.14

0.9

1

33) My health also affects my family.

0.54

0.15

0.9

1

34) Reducing extra costs motivates me to have breast cancer screening exams.

0.57

0.76

1

1

35) Maintaining my appearance and beauty motivates me to undergo breast cancer screening examinations.

0.90

0.11

1

1

Subjective norm

36) People around me (mother, sister, wife, friends) believe that I should do a breast self-examination on a monthly basis.

0.66

0.51

1

1

37) Health professionals believe that I should have a breast self-examination on a monthly basis.

0.68

0.40

0.8

1

38People around me (mother, sister, wife, friends) believe that I should be examined by a doctor / midwife if necessary.

0.70

0.45

0.9

0.8

39) Health care professionals believe that I should be examined by a doctor / midwife if necessary.

0.65

0.37

1

1

40) People around me (mother, sister, wife, friends) believe that I should have a mammogram if necessary.

0.73

0.40

1

1

41People around me (mother, sister, family members, friends) will be examined by a doctor / midwife if necessary.

0.61

0.56

0.8

0.9

42) People around me (mother, sister, family members, friends) do mammograms if necessary.

0.70

0.37

0.8

1

43) For those around me (mother, sister, family members, friends), breast self-examination is a healthy behavior.

0.80

0.22

1

1

44) From the point of view of those around me (mother, sister, family members, friends) Screening behaviors is a sign of health responsibility.

0.75

0.29

1

1

Self concept

45) I take great care of my health.

0.78

0.21

1

1

46) I care about my family’s health.

0.56

0.19

1

1

47) I am a healthy person.

0.74

0.28

1

1

48) I have a regular plan for life.

0.74

0.30

1

0.9

49) I value my health very much.

0.88

0.12

1

1

Environment factors

50) Family support (spouse, father, mother, sister) is effective in performing screening examinations.

0.58

0.22

0.9

1

51) My family (spouse, father, mother, sister) sponsors me for a mammogram.

0.68

0.40

0.9

1

52) The health center provides me with information support for mammography.

0.64

0.45

0.9

0.9

53) My friends support me emotionally and informational for mammography.

0.67

0.52

1

1

Skill

54) I can make a detailed schedule for breast cancer screening tests.

0.66

0.33

0.8

1

55) I have the ability to run my own programs.

0.78

0.23

0.8

0.9

56) I have the ability to obtain reliable information on breast cancer screening.

0.80

0.22

0.8

0.9

57) When I have a goal, I can plan to achieve it.

0.77

0.20

0.9

1

58) I am able to achieve the goals I have set for myself.

0.81

0.19

1

1

59) I can communicate well with healthcare staff.

0.80

0.19

1

1

60) I can communicate well with the mammography technician.

0.75

0.31

0.9

1

61) I can do a breast self-examination every month.

0.72

0.40

0.9

1

62) I can have a doctor / midwife examination if necessary.

0.73

0.24

1

0.9

63) I can have a mammogram if my doctor diagnoses it.

0.74

0.19

1

1

Behavioral intention

64) I intent to have breast cancer screening tests from now on.

0.81

0.18

0.9

1

65) I intent to have a breast self-examination on a monthly basis.

0.79

0.22

0.9

1

66) I intent to see a doctor / midwife immediately if I diagnose a breast lump myself.

0.85

0.09

0.9

1

67) I intent to have a mammogram if prescribed by a doctor / midwife.

0.75

0.18

0.9

1