Table 1 Baseline characteristics (%) of 6685 women aged 25–64 in surveys in 2004–2020
Characteristic | Study years | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | ||
N = 1385 | N = 1333 | N = 1434 | N = 1422 | N = 1111 | ||
Age group | 0.396 | |||||
25–34 | 25.3 | 25.0 | 24.4 | 25.6 | 23.8 | |
35–44 | 25.9 | 25.5 | 24.6 | 24.4 | 24.9 | |
45–54 | 26.6 | 27.2 | 25.7 | 24,1 | 25.5 | |
55–64 | 22.2 | 22.3 | 25.4 | 25.8 | 25.8 | |
Nationality | 0.055 | |||||
Estonian | 67.7 | 68.3 | 71.0 | 71.3 | 72.1 | |
Non-Estonian | 32.3 | 31.7 | 29.0 | 28.7 | 27.9 | |
Marital status | < 0.001 | |||||
Single | 9.4 | 11.0 | 13.8 | 11.5 | 13.8 | |
Married/living with partner | 68.4 | 69.0 | 67.5 | 73.0 | 69.0 | |
Widowed/divorced | 22.1 | 20.0 | 18.6 | 15.6 | 17.2 | |
Education | < 0.001 | |||||
Basic | 11.9 | 8.4 | 7.4 | 9.2 | 8.6 | |
Secondary | 64.4 | 58.5 | 55.9 | 50.1 | 42.7 | |
Higher | 23.8 | 33.1 | 36.7 | 40.7 | 48.7 | |
Employment | < 0.001 | |||||
Employed | 72.9 | 78.5 | 71.8 | 75.6 | 83.9 | |
Not working | 22.4 | 19.3 | 21.5 | 19.5 | 12.6 | |
Unemployed | 4.7 | 2.2 | 6.7 | 4.9 | 3.5 | |
Health insurance | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 92.7 | 95.1 | 95.2 | 95.6 | 96.7 | |
No | 7.3 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 3.3 | |
BMI | ||||||
Normal | 53.4 | 49.6 | 52.6 | 52.1 | 53.4 | 0.045 |
Overweight | 29.9 | 28.8 | 27.0 | 28.2 | 26.2 | |
Obese | 16.7 | 21.6 | 20.5 | 19.7 | 20.4 | |
Self-rated health | < 0.001 | |||||
Good | 38.5 | 48.1 | 52.6 | 54.5 | 59.7 | |
Average | 50.2 | 42.9 | 36.8 | 35.8 | 30.9 | |
Poor | 11.3 | 9.1 | 10.6 | 9.7 | 9.4 | |
Chronic illness | 0.008 | |||||
No | 47.1 | 50.5 | 52.3 | 51.4 | 54.2 | |
Yes | 52.9 | 49.5 | 47.7 | 48.6 | 45.8 | |
Suffering from depression in the last 30 days | < 0.001 | |||||
No | 27.9 | 31.1 | 35.6 | 40.7 | 43.1 | |
Yes | 72.2 | 68.9 | 64.5 | 59.3 | 56.9 | |
Physical activity | < 0.001 | |||||
Active | 39.3 | 49.1 | 50.1 | 57.1 | 59.2 | |
Inactive | 52.3 | 44.2 | 42.3 | 36.0 | 31.9 | |
Not able to exercise | 8.4 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 8.8 | |
Alcohol ≥ 6 units | 0.007 | |||||
Never | 66.4 | 69.3 | 71.1 | 64.6 | 70.1 | |
< Once a month | 21.5 | 19.7 | 18.5 | 21.1 | 20.4 | |
Once a month | 7.9 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 9.3 | 5.4 | |
≥ Once per week | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 4.2 | |
Smoking | < 0.001 | |||||
Never | 51.0 | 53.3 | 53.0 | 53.4 | 54.5 | |
Past | 19.4 | 21.4 | 22.0 | 25.2 | 26.9 | |
Occasionally | 7.7 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 6.2 | |
Daily | 22.0 | 18.2 | 53.0 | 25.2 | 12.5 | |