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Table 1 General characteristics of population based on case and control groups

From: The association of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) with the odds of diabetic nephropathy and metabolic markers in women: a case–control study

 

Control (n = 105)

Case (n = 105)

P value

Demographic characteristic

Age (y)

55.41 ± 7.14

55.33 ± 7.04

0.94

Albumin (g/dl)

8.37 ± 6.76

14.40 ± 11.94

 < 0.001

ACR

18.66 ± 5.92

232.18 ± 114.07

 < 0.001

Diabetes duration (y)

7.56 ± 2.17

7.60 ± 2.21

0.88

Blood pressure

SBP (mmHg)

129.04 ± 98.88

126.59 ± 17.27

0.80

DBP (mmHg)

80.10 ± 11.76

82.80 ± 13.09

0.12

Anthropometry characteristic

Body weight (kg)

71.589 ± 11.50

73.400 ± 13.83

0.30

Height (cm)

161.17 ± 5.91

160.68 ± 6.29

0.56

BMI (kg/m2)

27.510 ± 4.39

28.686 ± 4.74

0.06

Blood parameters

Hb (mg/dl)

12.630 ± 1.22

12.610 ± 1.37

0.91

FBS (mg/dl)

154.19 ± 45.03

167.10 ± 50.62

0.05

BS (mg/dl)

207.10 ± 54.35

217.75 ± 53.23

0.15

HbA1c (%)

8.031 ± 1.29

8.660 ± 1.41

 < 0.001

Cholesterol (mg/dl)

175.38 ± 32.42

185.15 ± 38.12

0.05

TG (mg/dl)

162.25 ± 57.91

167.26 ± 65.68

0.56

LDL (mg/dl)

94.60 ± 29.47

106.86 ± 31.77

 < 0.001

HDL (mg/dl)

46.37 ± 9.25

45.05 ± 9.26

0.30

Cr (mg/dl)

0.87 ± 0.17

0.92 ± 0.16

0.03

BUN (mg/dl)

15.17 ± 3.86

15.79 ± 4.55

0.29

Qualitative variables

PA (met-h/w)

 Low (> 600)

37 (17.6)

31 (14.8)

0.12

 Moderate (600–3000)

28 (13.4)

42 (20)

 High (< 3000)

40 (19)

32 (15.2)

Medical history

Positive CVD history

23 (11)

24 (11.4)

0.86

Medication usage

ARBs

45 (21.4)

60 (28.6)

0.03

ACEIs

21 (10)

44 (21)

0.001

Beta blockers

18 (8.6)

20 (9.5)

0.56

Metformin

104 (49.5)

104 (49.5)

0.75

sulfonylurea

62 (29.5)

71 (33.8)

0.19

Insulin

35 (16.7)

26 (12.4)

0.17

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD or number (percent)
  2. Independent sample T test and chi square were used
  3. Significant items with a P value ≤ 0.05 are bolded
  4. ACR Albumin creatinine ratio, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, BMI Body mass index, Hb Hemoglobin, FBS Fasting blood sugar, BS Blood sugar, TG Triglycerides, HDL High density lipoprotein, LDL Low density lipoprotein, CR Creatinine, BUN Blood urea nitrogen, DASH Dietary approach to stop hypertension, PA Physical activity, met Metabolic equivalent, CVD Cardiovascular disease, ARBs Angiotensin receptor blockers, ACEIs Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors