Table 5 Factors associated with late initiation of first ANC at selected health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2021(n = 401)

Age (in years)

 15–19

13 (6.9)

13 (6.1)

1

1

 20–24

34 (18.1)

60 (28.0)

1.83 (0.72, 4.24)

0.98 (0.29, 3.3)

0.97

 25–29

46 (24.5)

72 (34.0)

1.61 (0.66, 3.67)

0.66 (0.20, 2.2)

0.50

 30 and above

95 (50.5)

68 (32.0)

0.57 (0.31, 0.83)

0.25(0.06, 0.94) *

0.02

Marital status

 Single

42 (22.3)

22 (10.0)

1

1

 Married

146 (78.0)

190 (89.0)

2.53 (1.42, 4.33)

2.8 (1.3, 6.1) ^*

0.01

Educational Status

 Illiterate

55 (29.3)

48 (23.0)

1

1

 Primary education

80 (42.6)

64 (30.0)

0.92 (0.63,1.54)

1.05 (0.53, 2.1)

0.87

 Secondary and above

53 (28.2)

101(47.0)

2.20 (1.31,3.62)

1.8 (0.8, 3.8)

0.12

Occupation

 Self employed

106 (57.0)

94 (44.0)

1

1

 Government employee

27 (14.5)

51 (24.0)

2.10 (1.23, 3.70)

1.43 (0.62, 3.30)

0.40

 House wife

47 (25.3)

60 (28.0)

1.43 (0.89, 2.30)

0.87 (0.46, 1.62)

0.65

 Others^c

6 (3.2)

8 (3.8)

1.50 (0.50, 4.51)

2.20 (0.43, 11.12)

0.34

Planned pregnancy

 No

155 (83.3)

184 (86.4)

1

1

 Yes

31 (16.7)

29 (13.6)

1.27 (1.23, 5.12)

2.17 (1.44, 4.67) *

0.01

Transportation cost

 No

25 (13.3)

45 (21.0)

1

1

 Yes

163 (87.0)

168 (79.0)

0.62 (0.34, 1.14)

0.73 (0.42, 1.50)

0.38

Perceived timing of the first ANC visit

 ≤ 12 weeks

69 (38.8)

173(83.2)

1

1

 > 12 weeks

109 (61.2)

35 (16.8)

7.80 (7.12, 30.71)

8.58 (5.75,14.80) *

0.01

Previous ANC follow up

 No

100 (54.0)

48 (23.0)

1

1

 Yes

85 (45.9)

164(77.0)

4.01(2.60, 6.23)

5.45(3.02, 9.83) *

0.001