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Table 5 Bivariate analysis

From: Investigating factors that influence the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in an urban general hospital in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Characteristic

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for 6 months (N = 222)

Yes (%)

No (%)

Chi-Squared

P-Value

Knowledge on EB

  

20.684

 < 0.001

Adequate

145 (69.4)

64 (30.6)

  

Inadequate

1 (7.7)

12 (92.3)

  

Breast milk enough for 6 months

  

29.018

 < 0.001

Yes

127 (75.1)

42 (24.9)

  

No

19 (35.8)

34 (64.2)

  

Continue breastfeeding

  

1.711

0.191

Yes

34 (73.9)

12 (26.1)

  

No

112 (63.6)

64 (36.4)

  

Report to hospital

  

0.325

0.569

Yes

12 (60.0)

8 (40.0)

  

No

134 (66.3)

68 (33.7)

  

Food supplements

  

0.849

0.357

Yes

34 (60.7)

22 (39.3)

  

No

112 (76.7)

54 (71.1)

  

Attitude towards EB

  

51.917

 < 0.001

Negative

15 (28.3)

38 (71.7)

  

Neutral

32 (61.5)

20 (38.5)

  

Positive

99 (84.6)

18 (15.4)

  

Difficulty exclusive breastfeeding

    

Agree

26 (41.9)

36 (58.1)

24.212

 < 0.001

Disagree

120 (75.5)

39 (24.5)

  

Okay formula

  

32.862

 < 0.001

Agree

79 (53.0)

70 (47.0)

  

Disagree

53 (93.0)

4 (7.0)

  

Unsure

14 (87.5)

2 (12.5)

  

Okay complementary foods

  

28.691

 < 0.001

Agree

40 (44.9)

49 (55.1)

  

Disagree

100 (80.0)

25 (20.0)

  

Unsure

6 (75.0)

2 (25.0)

  

Okay water

  

0.272

0.602

Agree

29 (39.2)

45 (60.8)

  

Disagree

114 (82.6)

24 (17.4)

  

Unsure

3 (30.0)

7 (70.0)

  

Support received

  

0.022

0.881

No

32 (33.7%)

63 (66.3%)

  

Yes

44 (34.6%)

83 (65.4%)

  

Spouse complained

  

12.500

 < 0.001

No

61 (30.5)

139 (69.5)

  

Yes

15 (68.2)

7 (31.8)

  

Parents complained

  

2.871

0.090

No

52 (31.1)

115 (68.9)

  

YES

24 (43.6)

31 (56.4)

  
  1. The practice of EBF was significantly associated with 69.4% (n = 145) of the women who had adequate level of knowledge compared to those who did not adhere to EBF for 6 months (p < 0.001, x2 = 20.684)
  2. *p < 0.05 considered statistically significant using chi-square