From: Endometriosis of the skeletal muscular system (ESMS): a systematic review
Location | Age (yr) | Symptoms | Catamenial or not | Imaging | Therapy | Follow-up (m) | Prognosis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trapezius muscle [9] | 27 | Shoulder swelling | N | NR | Excision | 2 | C |
31 (23–39) | Shoulder mass with pain | N (1/2); Y (1/2) | MRI (2/2) PET (1/2) | Excision (1/2) Dienogest + LNG-IUS (1/2) | 46 (20–72) | C | |
37.6 (28–49) | Asymptomatic (1/5); Dysmenorrhea with low back pain radiating to the limb(3/5) | N (1/5) Y (4/5) | US (4/5) CT (3/5) MRI (3/5) CTA (1/5) PET (1/5) Ureteroscopy (1/5) | Biopsy + GnRH-a (2/5) Excision + GnRH-a (3/5) | 2–6 | C (3/5) P (2/5) | |
37 (29–45) | Pain in buttocks and thighs radiating to the feet | Y (5/5) | MRI (4/4) US (1/4) PET (1/4) Neurophysiologycal study (1/4) | Excision (2/4) Biopsy + hormone (2/4) | 8.3 (6–12) | P (2/4) C (2/4) S (2/4)# | |
35.5 (32–37) | Periodic medial pain in the leg radiating to the knee | Y (2/2) | MRI (2/2) CT (1/2) | Excision (2/2) | 15 (6–24) | C (2/2) | |
34.1 (20–47) | Hip/lower back pain and lower limb numbness with limited movement | Y (3/6); N (1/6); NR (2/6) | MRI (5/6) CT (4/6) US (2/6) PET (1/6) Electromyography (1/6) | Excision + GnRH-a (4/6) Excision (1/6) GnRH-a (1/6) | 18.3 (3–60) | C (2/6) P (3/6) NR (1/6) S (2/6)& | |
34 (29–39) | Dysmenorrhea, difficulty in defecation and lumbago during menstruation, radiating to the lower limb | Y (2/2) | MRI (2/2) US (1/2) Colonoscopy (1/2) Urodynamic test/cystoscopy (1/2) | Excision (2/2) COC after surgery (1/2) | 6 | C (1/2) P and S (1/2)* | |
32.3 (24–49) | Lateral thigh mass with pain, menstrual aggravation | Y (3/4); NR (1/4) | MRI (2/4) US (1/4) CT (1/4) PET (1/4) | Excision (3/4) Biopsy (1/4) | 6 | C (3/4) NR (1/4) | |
30 (25–35) | A painful mass in posterior femoral area | Y (2/2) | CT (1/2) NR (1/2) | Excision (2/2) | 7 | C (2/2) | |
Thigh adductor muscle and gracilis [66] | 45 | Chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, deep pain in the thigh with difficulty in movement | Y | US /MRI/PET | Partial resection + bilateral oophorectomy | 6 | C |
Soleus and gastrocnemius [69] | 30 | Dysmenorrhea, progressive swelling and pain in the calf | Y | US/MRI | Excision | 4 | R |