Table 2 Nutrient intakes between study participants
Variables | Control (n = 131) | Case (n = 131) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
Energy (kcal/d) | 2121.10 ± 357.82 | 2132.82 ± 361.94 | 0.79 |
Protein (g/day) | 69.77 ± 13.19 | 64.63 ± 12.33 | 0.001 |
Carbohydrate (g/day) | 314.36 ± 50.74 | 314.49 ± 54.58 | 0.98 |
Fat (g/day) | 72.72 ± 14.03 | 75.57 ± 14.67 | 0.11 |
Fiber (g/day) | 32.59 ± 5.98 | 29.57 ± 5.81 | < 0.001 |
Cholesterol (mg/day) | 155.65 ± 46.42 | 151.12 ± 48.20 | 0.44 |
SFA (g/day) | 18.76 ± 4.71 | 18.68 ± 5.13 | 0.89 |
MUFA (g/day) | 26.42 ± 4.97 | 27.07 ± 4.59 | 0.27 |
PUFA (g/day) | 18.45 ± 3.99 | 19.49 ± 3.24 | 0.02 |
Omega 6/3 ratio | 22.97 ± 10.27 | 27.25 ± 12.52 | 0.03 |
Vitamin A (RAE/day) | 535.15 ± 278.92 | 434.77 ± 255.95 | 0.003 |
Beta-carotene (mg/day) | 4268.77 ± 2794.49 | 3113.86 ± 2330.65 | < 0.001 |
Vitamin E (mg/day) | 21.60 ± 4.84 | 22.60 ± 4.15 | 0.07 |
Vitamin K (mg/day) | 145.56 ± 82.41 | 114.48 ± 64.70 | 0.001 |
Vitamin B1 (mg/day) | 1.86 ± 0.29 | 1.80 ± 0.26 | 0.09 |
Vitamin B2 (mg/day) | 1.72 ± 0.48 | 1.56 ± 0.45 | 0.005 |
Vitamin B3 (mg/day) | 20.43 ± 3.13 | 19.22 ± 2.72 | 0.001 |
Vitamin B6 (mg/day) | 1.78 ± 0.36 | 1.60 ± 0.32 | < 0.001 |
Vitamin B9 (µg/day) | 476.47 ± 83.27 | 451.35 ± 75.72 | 0.01 |
Vitamin B12 (µg/day) | 2.98 ± 1.34 | 2.79 ± 1.50 | 0.28 |
Vitamin C (mg/day) | 160.03 ± 71.32 | 125.97 ± 65.09 | < 0.001 |
Sodium (mg/day) | 3573.28 ± 507.61 | 3797.38 ± 537.79 | 0.001 |
Potassium (mg/day) | 3341.60 ± 825.11 | 2996.10 ± 808.42 | 0.001 |
Iron (mg/day) | 15.45 ± 2.19 | 14.88 ± 2.12 | 0.03 |
Calcium (mg/day) | 538.17 ± 306.33 | 439.93 ± 286.41 | 0.008 |
Magnesium (mg/day) | 429.60 ± 71.95 | 403.21 ± 74.32 | 0.004 |
Zinc (mg/day) | 11.30 ± 2.22 | 10.72 ± 2.38 | 0.04 |
Copper (mg/day) | 1.62 ± 0.27 | 1.53 ± 0.28 | 0.01 |