Skip to main content

Table 4 Multilevel analysis of factors associated with early sexual initiation among youth females in SSA, based on 2011 to 2022 DHS

From: Prevalence and associated factors of early sexual initiation among youth female in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis of recent demographic and health surveys

Variables

Categories

Model 1

AOR [95% CI]

Model 2

AOR [95% CI]

Model 3

AOR [95%CI]

Model 4

AOR [95% CI]

Age of youth female

15–19

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

20–24

––––––

1.00[0.98,1.03]

––––––

0.97 [0.95,1.04]

Female education

No- education

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

Primary

––––––

0.71[0.68,0.73] **

––––––

0.82[0.79,0.85]**

Secondary and above

––––––

0.50 [0.49, 0.52] ***

––––––

0.50[0.48,0.52]***

Marital status

Married

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

Not Married

––––––

0.27[0.26,0.28] ***

––––––

0.25[0.24,0.26] ***

Wealth index

Poor

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

Middle

––––––

0.92[0.89, 0.94] ***

––––––

0.92[0.89,0.95] **

Rich

––––––

0.68[0.66,0.70] ***

––––––

0.71[0.69,0.73] ***

Religion

Protestant

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

Catholic

––––––

0.87 [0.84,0.89] *

––––––

0.97 [0.94,1.00]

Muslim

––––––

1.02 [0.93,1.11]

––––––

1.04 [0.95,1.13]

Others

––––––

1.04 [0.96,1.12]

––––––

1.05 [0.98,1.13]

Family size

1–4

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

5–10

––––––

0.96 [0.94,0.97] **

––––––

0.98[0.96,1.01]

 >  = 11

––––––

1.00 [0.98,1.02]

––––––

1.01[0.99,1.03]

Occupation of female

No

––––––

1.00

––––––

1.00

Yes

––––––

1.24[1.22, 1.27] ***

 

1.32[1.29, 1.35] ***

Heard about STI

No

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

Yes

––––––

0.43 [0.36,0.50] ***

––––––

0.61[0.53,0.70] ***

Media exposure

No

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

Yes

––––––

0.91[0.89,0.94] ***

–––––-

0.91[0.89,0.94] ***

Decision to get medical care

No

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

Yes

––––––

0.54[0.29,1.02]

––––––

0.80[0.75,1.66]

Chewing tobacco

No

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

Yes

––––––

0.89[0.85,0.93] **

––––––

0.99[0.97,1.01]

Cigar ate smoker

No

––––––

1.00

 

1.00

Yes

––––––

1.29[1.22,1.36]

––––––

0.96[0.90,1.01]

Community level variables

 Place of residence

Urban

––––––

 

1.00

1.00

Rural

––––––

––––––

1.69[1.66,1.73] ***

1.05[1.03,1.07]

 Region in SSA

EastAfrica

––––––

 

1.00

1.00

Central Africa

––––––

––––––

2.12[2.06,2.18] ***

2.94[2.84,3.05] ***

West Africa

––––––

––––––

1.61[1.57,1.65] ***

1.61[1.56,1.66] ***

Southern Africa

––––––

––––––

1.02[0.95,1.11]

0.83[0.76,0.91] **

 Income status

Lower

––––––

 

1.00

1.00

Lower middle

––––––

––––––

0.84[0.82,0.67] ***

0.93 [0.90,0.95] **

Upper middle

––––––

––––––

0.95[0.93,0.98] **

0.97[0.95,0.99] ***

 DHS year

2011–2015

––––––

 

1.00

1.00

2016–2021

––––––

––––––

0.91[0.89,0.94] **

0.99 [0.98,1.01]

 Community media usage

Low

––––––

 

1.00

1.00

High

––––––

––––––

0.87 [0.83,0.91] ***

0.92[0.89,0.96] ***

 Community-youth female education

Low

––––––

 

1.00

1.00

High

––––––

––––––

0.92[0.89,0.96] **

0.96[0.93,1.02]

  1. Others mean religions such as orthodox, Methodist, animist, Jehovah, Universal no religion, etc.
  2. AOR Adjusted odds ratio, COR Crude Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval
  3. * P value < 0.05
  4. **p value < 0.01
  5. ***P value < 0.001