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Gynecology, gynecological disease, and reproductive health

Section edited by Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, and Zephne van der Spuy

This section considers studies regarding all aspects of gynecology and reproductive health, including cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, fertility, contraception, abortion, menarche, menstruation, and menopause.

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  2. Endometriosis is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease. Recent studies have shown that increased coagulation parameters including fibrinogen and platelets are associated with endometriosis. The objective o...

    Authors: Shaojie Ding, Qiao Lin, Tianhong Zhu, Tiantian Li, Libo Zhu, Jianzhang Wang and Xinmei Zhang

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:169

    Content type: Research article

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  4. The abortion law in Uruguay changed in 2012 to allow first trimester abortion on request. Implementation of the law in Uruguay has been lauded, but barriers to care, including abortion stigma, remain. This stu...

    Authors: Shelly Makleff, Ana Labandera, Fernanda Chiribao, Jennifer Friedman, Roosbelinda Cardenas, Eleuthera Sa and Sarah E. Baum

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:155

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) are associated with sexual dysfunction and a lower likelihood of sexual activity in the postpartum period. The aim of the present study was to compare coital resumptio...

    Authors: Sònia Anglès-Acedo, Cristina Ros-Cerro, Sílvia Escura-Sancho, Núria Elías-Santo-Domingo, M. José Palau-Pascual and Montserrat Espuña-Pons

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:154

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Ovarian mature cystic teratomas comprise tissues derived from all three germ layers. In rare incidences, malignant tumors may arise from ovarian mature cystic teratoma, which occurs in 0.2–1.8% of cases. A var...

    Authors: Won Ku Choi, Dong Hyun Lee, Dong Hyu Cho, Kyu Yun Jang and Kyoung Min Kim

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:149

    Content type: Case report

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  8. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an individualized score based on preoperative parameters to predict patient outcomes after vaginal repair of cesarean section diverticulum.

    Authors: Yizhi Wang, Qinyi Zhu, Feikai Lin, Li Xie, Jiarui Li and Xipeng Wang

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:136

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a major public health problem with a relative high lifetime risk of surgery. The main risk factor for developing POP is vaginal birth. Many women become symptomatic later in life...

    Authors: Maria Mirskaya, Eva-Carin Lindgren and Ing-Marie Carlsson

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:129

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Müllerian adenosarcoma is a rare malignancy. These tumors occur mainly in the uterus, but also in extrauterine locations, usually related to endometriosis. Because of their rarity, there is limited data on opt...

    Authors: Jose Carlos Vilches Jimenez, Emilia Villegas Muñoz, Iván González Poveda, David Santos Lorente, Belinda Sanchez Pérez and Jesús S. Jimenez Lopez

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:124

    Content type: Case report

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  11. Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women in Ghana, but knowledge and experience of women who have had cervical screening is under-evaluated. This study examined knowledge and understanding of HPV and...

    Authors: Arabella Stuart, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie, Anna Hayfron-Benjamin, Angela D. Akorsu and Philippe Mayaud

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:123

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Medical abortion (MA) has become an increasingly popular choice for women even where surgical abortion services are available. Pain is often cited by women as one of the worst aspects of the MA experience, yet...

    Authors: Daniel Grossman, Sarah Raifman, Tshegofatso Bessenaar, Lan Dung Duong, Anand Tamang and Monica V. Dragoman

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:118

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Induced abortion is a common undergo in many societies of the world. Every year, around 20 million unsafe abortions are done worldwide. From fragmented studies conducted in Ethiopia, the prevalence of induced ...

    Authors: Kifle Lentiro, Teklemichael Gebru, Abdusemed Worku, Agizie Asfaw, Tigist Gebremariam and Addisu Tesfaye

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:115

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Internationally, women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lack knowledge about their disease, which limits their ability to take responsibility for self-care and creates negative psychosocial effect...

    Authors: Carla Freijomil-Vázquez, Denise Gastaldo, Carmen Coronado and María-Jesús Movilla-Fernández

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:112

    Content type: Research article

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  16. This study aims to investigate the difference in vaginal microecology, local immunity and HPV infection among childbearing-age women with different degrees of cervical lesions.

    Authors: Jing-Jing Zheng, Jing-Hui Song, Cong-Xiang Yu, Fei Wang, Peng-Cheng Wang and Jing-Wei Meng

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:109

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Probiotics has been shown to be effective in reducing vaginal colonization of pathogenic organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of probiotic strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lac...

    Authors: Yu-Che Ou, Hung-Chun Fu, Chih-Wen Tseng, Chen-Hsuan Wu, Ching-Chou Tsai and Hao Lin

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:103

    Content type: Research article

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  18. A persistent low-level elevation of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) without clinical or radiological evidence of pregnancy or tumors was recently defined as quiescent gestational trophoblastic disease...

    Authors: Yoshiyuki Okada, Shingo Miyamoto, Takashi Mimura, Tetsuya Ishikawa, Akihiko Sekizawa and Koji Matsumoto

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:101

    Content type: Case report

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  19. Uterine leiomyomas are often discovered during early pregnancy and in most cases will have no effect on pregnancy outcomes. However, in rare cases uterine leiomyomas may lead to obstetric complications. The ai...

    Authors: Henry Hillel Chill, Gilad Karavani, Talya Rachmani, Uri Dior, Ofer Tadmor and Asher Shushan

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:100

    Content type: Research article

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  20. The apical prolapse is probably the most complex form of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Adequate apical support is essential in the treatment of POP, as it contributes to the support in all vaginal compartments....

    Authors: Katrine Dahl Pedersen, Marie Højriis Storkholm, Karl Møller Bek, Marianne Glavind-Kristensen and Susanne Greisen

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:96

    Content type: Research article

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  21. The combination of intrapelvic and extrapelvic endometriosis is a very rare condition in gynecology. Patients with endometriosis involving the sciatic nerve are easily misdiagnosed because they usually present...

    Authors: Liang Yanchun, Zhao Yunhe, Xia Meng, Chen Shuqin, Zhu Qingtang and Yao Shuzhong

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:95

    Content type: Case report

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  22. Reproductive history and urogynecological disorders have been associated with limitations in physical function. However, little is known about the relationship between symptoms of urinary incontinence and pelv...

    Authors: Mariana Carmem Apolinário Vieira, Saionara Maria Aires da Câmara, Mayle Andrade Moreira, Catherine McLean Pirkle, Afshin Vafaei and Álvaro Campos Cavalcanti Maciel

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:94

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Uterine Fibroids (UFs) growth is ovarian steroid-dependent. Previous studies have shown that estrogen and progesterone play an important role in UF development. However, the mechanism underlying progesterone i...

    Authors: Mona Omar, Archana Laknaur, Ayman Al-Hendy and Qiwei Yang

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:92

    Content type: Research article

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  25. The aim of this paper was to conduct a baseline survey of HPV infection in unvaccinated women in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region before the mass use of HPV vaccine.

    Authors: Jing Wang, Dandan Tang, Kai Wang, Jialu Wang, Zhaoxia Zhang, Yanxia Chen, Xueliang Zhang and Cailing Ma

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:90

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Rigorous exercise undertaken by young girls, combined with a negative energetic balance, is related to substantial physiological changes in a competitor’s body, often leading to hormonal imbalance manifested b...

    Authors: Joanna Witkoś and Piotr Wróbel

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:87

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Short birth interval is known to have a negative effect on perinatal, neonatal and child health outcomes. In Ethiopia, 29% of births are short birth intervals at less than 24 months. Even though optimum birth ...

    Authors: Solomon Weldemariam Gebrehiwot, Gedamu Abera, Kidist Tesfay and Weyzer Tilahun

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:85

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Obstetric fistula is a debilitating condition resulted from poorly (un) managed prolonged obstructed labor. It has significant psychosocial and economic consequences on those affected and their families. Data ...

    Authors: Debrework Tesgera Bashah, Abebaw Gebeyehu Worku, Mezgebu Yitayal and Telake Azale

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:84

    Content type: Research article

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  29. There are various surgical approaches of hysterectomy for benign indications. This study aimed to compare vaginal hysterectomy (VH) and laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) with respect to their complications and op...

    Authors: Seung Hyun Lee, So Ra Oh, Yeon Jean Cho, Myoungseok Han, Jung-Woo Park, Su Jin Kim, Jeong Hye Yun, Sun Yi Choe, Joong Sub Choi and Jong Woon Bae

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:83

    Content type: Research article

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  31. The unicornuate uterus is caused by abnormal or failed development of one Müllerian duct. Unicornuate uteri with functioning non-communicating rudimentary horns are susceptible to many gynaecologic and obstetr...

    Authors: Rawan A. Obeidat, Abdelwahab J. Aleshawi, Nour A. Tashtush and Haya Alsarawi

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:71

    Content type: Case report

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  32. To determine whether oral norethindrone acetate is superior to combined oral contraceptives (OCP) in delaying menstruation and preventing breakthrough bleeding when started late in the cycle.

    Authors: Joshua Dean, Katherine J. Kramer, Fauzia Akbary, Shaunte Wade, Maik Hüttemann, Jay M. Berman and Maurice-Andre Recanati

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:70

    Content type: Research article

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  33. We encountered a woman with vaginal cancer that was associated with complete uterine prolapse and complicated by severe intrauterine adhesions. In this case report, we describe the clinical course and successf...

    Authors: Naoya Ishibashi, Toshiya Maebayashi, Mikiko Asai-Sato, Kei Kawana and Masahiro Okada

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:69

    Content type: Case report

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  34. Dienogest has been shown to substantially improve endometriosis-associated symptoms such as debilitating chronic pelvic pain, and in turn, health-related quality of life (HRQoL). To date, there is no data on p...

    Authors: Kitirat Techatraisak, Andon Hestiantoro, Soon Ruey, Maria Jesusa Banal-Silao, Mee-Ran Kim, Seok Ju Seong, Syarief Thaufik, Christiane Ahlers, So Young Shin and Byung Seok Lee

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:68

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Ovarian insufficiency is a major concern for long-term cancer survivors. Although semen freezing is well established to preserve male fertility, the possibilities to secure post-cancer female fertility are mos...

    Authors: Triin Tammiste, Keiu Kask, Peeter Padrik, Külli Idla, Karin Rosenstein, Tatjana Jatsenko, Piret Veerus and Andres Salumets

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:65

    Content type: Case report

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  36. Endometriosis is a chronic disease impacting on many aspects of a woman’s life. Because of the chronic and recurring nature, many of the impacts of endometriosis could be missed using existing questionnaires w...

    Authors: Maryam Moradi, Melissa Parker, Anne Sneddon, Violeta Lopez and David Ellwood

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:64

    Content type: Research article

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  37. A high endogenous progesterone luteal state in the menstrual cycle has been independently associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) incidence in epidemiological studies. Hormonal contraception particu...

    Authors: Resha Boodhram, Dhayendre Moodley, Nathlee Abbai and Gita Ramjee

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:63

    Content type: Research article

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  39. The recurrence rate after unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (USO) for unilateral endometrioma has not been reported. We evaluated the rate of and risk factors for endometrioma recurrence after USO.

    Authors: Tokie Hidari, Tetsuya Hirata, Tomoko Arakawa, Kaori Koga, Kazuaki Neriishi, Shinya Fukuda, Akari Nakazawa, Natsuki Nagashima, Suke Ma, Hui Sun, Masashi Takamura, Miyuki Harada, Yasushi Hirota, Osamu Wada-Hiraike, Tomoyuki Fujii and Yutaka Osuga

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:59

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Studies have demonstrated that women with low desire and low excitement have negative feelings regarding their physical and emotional satisfaction, as well as their happiness. In this study, we evaluate the ef...

    Authors: S. Palacios, E. Soler, M. Ramírez, M. Lilue, D. Khorsandi and F. Losa

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:58

    Content type: Research article

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  41. The ovarian reserve in women is known to correlate with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, and currently the latest, third-generation, fully-automated AMH immunoassays, such as Access and Cobas, are beginnin...

    Authors: Tomoya Segawa, Kenji Omi, Yoshiaki Watanabe, Yaeko Sone, Masaki Handa, Masako Kuroda, Osamu Miyauchi, Hisao Osada and Shokichi Teramoto

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:57

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Individuals born very preterm or with very low birth weight (VLBW) have a reduced likelihood to reproduce according to population-based register studies. Extremely low-birth weight born adults had a lower repr...

    Authors: Gunilla Sydsjö, Pia Törnblom, P-O Gäddlin, Orvar Finnström, Ingemar Leijon, Nina Nelson, Elvar Theodorsson and Mats Hammar

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:56

    Content type: Research article

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  43. The incidence of Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) in the developing world is not known. A nonclinical screening tool for prolapse is needed in the resource poor setting. In this study, we aim to determine the valid...

    Authors: Dawit Worku Kassa, Yirgu Gebrehiwot Ferede and Polina Advolodkina

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:52

    Content type: Research article

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  44. There is lack of population level data on prevalence and distribution of common benign women’s health conditions such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, polycystic ovary syndrome from the Eastern Mediterranea...

    Authors: M. B. Hocaoglu, S. Gurkas, T. Karaderi, B. Taneri, K. Erguler, B. Barin, E. M. Bilgin, G. Eralp, M. Allison, N. Findikli, K. Boynukalin, M. Bahceci, H. Naci, K. Vincent, S. A. Missmer, C. M. Becker…

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:50

    Content type: Study protocol

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  45. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects up to 40% of parous women which adversely affects the quality of life. During a life time, 20% of all women will undergo an operation. In general the guidelines advise a vag...

    Authors: Sascha F. M. Schulten, Rosa A. Enklaar, Kirsten B. Kluivers, Sanne A. L. van Leijsen, Marijke C. Jansen-van der Weide, Eddy M. M. Adang, Jeroen van Bavel, Heleen van Dongen, Maaike B. E. Gerritse, Iris van Gestel, G. G. Alec Malmberg, Ronald J. C. Mouw, Deliana A. van Rumpt-van de Geest, Wilbert A. Spaans, Annemarie van der Steen, Jelle Stekelenburg…

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:49

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  46. Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection affecting women worldwide. Reports of patterns/risk factors/trends for episodic/recurrent VVC (RVVC) are largely outdated. The purpose of this study was to ...

    Authors: Junko Yano, Jack D. Sobel, Paul Nyirjesy, Ryan Sobel, Valerie L. Williams, Qingzhao Yu, Mairi C. Noverr and Paul L. Fidel Jr

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:48

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. European guidelines for cervical cancer screening now recommend the use of clinically validated assays for high-risk HPV-DNA sequences as primary test in women older than 30 years, performed in centralized lab...

    Authors: Helena Frayle, Silvia Gori, Martina Rizzi, Bianca Nives Graziani, Elisa Vian, Paolo Giorgi Rossi and Annarosa Del Mistro

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:47

    Content type: Technical advance

    Published on:

  48. In women with abnormal uterine bleeding, fibroids are a frequent finding. In case of heavy menstrual bleeding and presence of submucosal type 0–1 fibroids, hysteroscopic resection is the treatment of first cho...

    Authors: Julia F. van der Meulen, Marlies Y. Bongers, Sjors F. P. J. Coppus, Judith E. Bosmans, José M. C. Maessen, Katrien Oude Rengerink, Lucilla E. Overdijk, Celine M. Radder, Lucet F. van der Voet, Nicol A. C. Smeets, Huib A. A. M. van Vliet, Wouter J. K. Hehenkamp, Arentje P. Manger, Wilbert A. Spaans, Erica A. Bakkum, Nicole Horrée…

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:46

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  49. Pelvic organ prolapse is a common urogenital condition affecting 41–50% of women over the age of 40. To achieve early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, it is important that care is sensitive to and meets wo...

    Authors: Purva Abhyankar, Isabelle Uny, Karen Semple, Sarah Wane, Suzanne Hagen, Joyce Wilkinson, Karen Guerrero, Douglas Tincello, Edward Duncan, Eileen Calveley, Andrew Elders, Doreen McClurg and Margaret Maxwell

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:45

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), practical and affordable strategies for cervical cancer screening are needed to detect and treat pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions in a timely fashion. This study p...

    Authors: Justin Lussy Paluku, Tamar E. Carter, Miriam Lee and Susan A Bartels

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2019 19:43

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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