Risk of placental abruption in relation to migraines and headaches

BMC Women's Health

Table 1 Socio-Demographic and Reproductive Characteristics and Infant Outcomes in the Study Population, Lima, Peru, 2006-2008

Characteristics	Placental Abruption				p-value
	Cases (N = 375)		Controls (N = 368)
	n	%	n	%
Maternal Age at Delivery (years)	28.4 ± 6.7¹		28.0 ± 6.3		0.38
Maternal Age at Delivery (years)
< 20	39	10.4	30	8.2	0.30
20-29	174	46.4	191	51.9
30-34	86	22.9	78	21.2
≥ 35	75	20.0	67	18.2
Missing	1	0.3	2	0.5
Parity	1.32 ± 1.50¹		1.46 ± 1.51		0.19
0	161	42.9	146	39.7	0.63
1-2	143	38.1	145	39.4
≥ 3	71	18.9	77	20.9
≤ High School Education	241	64.3	216	58.7	0.29
Employed during Pregnancy	186	49.6	176	47.8	0.66
Planned Pregnancy	133	35.5	115	31.3	0.47
No Prenatal Care	41	10.9	22	6.0	0.02
No Prenatal Vitamin	57	15.2	45	12.2	0.38
Smoking during Pregnancy	8	2.1	6	1.6	0.48
Alcohol use during Pregnancy	35	9.3	30	8.2	0.67
Illicit Drug use during Pregnancy	2	0.5	1	0.3	- - -
Depressive Symptoms³	33	8.8	10	2.7	< 0.001
Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (kg/m²)	23.7 ± 3.7¹		23.4 ± 3.5		0.31
Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (kg/m²)
< 19.8	39	10.4	38	10.3	0.38
19.8-26.0	227	60.5	245	66.6
26.1-29.0	47	12.5	36	9.8
≥ 29.0	27	7.2	25	6.8
Missing	35	9.3	24	6.5
Chronic Hypertension	20	5.3	10	2.7	0.07
Preeclampsia or Eclampsia	98	26.1	11	3.0	< 0.001
Previous History of Placental Abruption	2	0.9	1	0.5	0.62
Infant Birth Weight (grams)²	2438 ± 860¹		3306 ± 502		< 0.001
Low Birth Weight Infant (< 2500 grams)²	196	52.3	17	4.6	< 0.001
Gestational Age at Delivery (weeks)²	35.3 ± 3.8¹		38.7 ± 1.8		< 0.001
Preterm Delivery Infant (< 37 weeks)²	204	54.4	20	5.4	< 0.001
C-Section Delivery	357	95.3	144	39.1	< 0.001
Stillbirth Delivery	59	15.7	0	0.0	- - -

¹Mean ± SD (SD: standard deviation)
²Restricted to live birth only (314 cases and 368 controls)
³PHQ-9 depression symptom score ≥ 10, consistent with moderate or severe depression

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