Effect of metformin on serum interleukin-6 levels in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review

BMC Women's Health

Table 1 Basic characteristics of PCOS patients and controls

Author and year of publication	Diagnostic criteria for PCOS	population	Country	Age (years)			BMI (kg/m²)⁾			Abnormal glucose metabolism	Abnormal insulin metabolism
				Control	PCOS	P	Control	PCOS	P
Mohlig et al. 2004 [5]	clinical symptoms and on laboratory findings*	European	Germany	30.5 ± 1.5	28.9 ± 0.7	0.33	26.0 ± 1.3	30.3 ± 1.0	0.037	Fasting glucose	Fasting insulin
Jakubowska et al. 2008 [17]	2003 Rotterdam criteria	European	Poland	31.55 ± 7.36	28.24 ± 6.27	>0.05	32.94 ± 6.13	35.32 ± 5.07	>0.05	NON	Fasting insulin
Luque-Ramirez et al. 2010 [16]	hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and exclusion of secondary etiologies	European	Spain	27 ± 5	24 ± 6	0.138	29 ± 8	30 ± 6	0.674	AUC glucose	NON
Lin et al. 2011 [6]	2003 Rotterdam	Asia	China, Taiwan	31.92 ± 0.58	27.67 ± 0.45	<0.0001	22.11 ± 0.45	24.25 ± 0.51	0.0025	PC sugar	2-hr insulin
Ciaraldi et al. 2013 [18]	1990 NIH	America	USA	32 ± 1	28 ± 1	<0.05	39.4 ± 2.2	35.6 ± 1.5	>0.05	2 h glucose	NON

AUC: area under the curve of the oral glucose tolerance test; NON: no difference was reported.
*Clinical symptoms and on laboratory findings: clinical symptoms, i.e. oligo- or amenorrhea and hirsutism, and on laboratory findings, i.e. serum androgen levels above the upper limit of normal for the respective assay.

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