From: Characteristics of patients initiating raloxifene compared to those initiating bisphosphonates
Commercial/Medicare | Medicaid | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Odds Ratio1 | 95% CI | Odds Ratio1 | 95% CI | |
Age group | ||||
45–64 | 0.881 | 0.810–0.957 | 1.509 | 1.431–1.592 |
65–74 | REFERENCE | --- | REFERENCE | --- |
75 and over | 0.686 | 0.644–0.730 | 0.813 | 0.774–0.854 |
Race | ||||
White | --- | --- | REFERENCE | --- |
African American | --- | --- | 1.025 | 0.933–1.126 |
Hispanic/Latino | --- | --- | 1.070 | 1.005–1.140 |
Asian | --- | --- | 1.758 | 1.665–1.856 |
Other | --- | --- | 1.299 | 1.220–1.382 |
Medicare | 0.689 | 0.630–0.754 | --- | --- |
Location | ||||
North East | 0.672 | 0.629–0.718 | --- | --- |
North Central | 0.935 | 0.898–0.973 | --- | --- |
South | REFERENCE | --- | --- | --- |
West | 0.642 | 0.609–0.678 | --- | --- |
Urban residence | 0.819 | 0.788–0.851 | 0.667 | 0.611–0.706 |
Insurance type | ||||
Indemnity | 0.986 | 0.935–1.040 | 1.128 | 1.068–1.192 |
PPO | 1.031 | 0.985–1.079 | --- | --- |
Other | REFERENCE | --- | REFERENCE | --- |
Provider specialty | ||||
Primary care/Other | REFERENCE | --- | REFERENCE | --- |
Specialist | 1.108 | 1.060–1.158 | 1.264 | 1.160–1.377 |
Health status | ||||
CCI | 0.941 | 0.926–0.957 | 0.962 | 0.948–0.976 |
Fracture | ||||
Hip | 0.449 | 0.350–0.577 | 0.659 | 0.507–0.856 |
Vertebral | 0.664 | 0.580–0.762 | 0.744 | 0.631–0.876 |
Non-vertebral | 0.803 | 0.758–0.851 | 0.726 | 0.674–0.781 |
BMD test | 0.412 | 0.398–0.426 | 0.664 | 0.628–0.703 |
Mammogram | 0.968 | 0.909–1.031 | 0.953 | 0.886–1.026 |
Confounding conditions | ||||
Breast cancer | 0.746 | 0.679–0.819 | 1.021 | 0.928–1.123 |
DVT/PE | 0.470 | 0.245–0.903 | 0.672 | 0.438–1.028 |
Gastric ulcer | 2.273 | 1.181–4.375 | 0.861 | 0.585–1.267 |
Peptic ulcer | 2.048 | 0.964–4.353 | 1.228 | 0.942–1.601 |
Dysphagia | 0.974 | 0.694–1.367 | 1.200 | 0.917–1.571 |
Reflux | 1.080 | 0.897–1.300 | 1.156 | 1.005–1.329 |
Gastritis | 0.904 | 0.666–1.228 | 1.316 | 1.156–1.499 |
Osteoporosis | 0.632 | 0.573–0.697 | 0.818 | 0.745–0.898 |
Medications | ||||
Glucocorticoids | 0.774 | 0.737–0.813 | 0.757 | 0.713–0.804 |
Estrogen/HRT | 1.325 | 1.279–1.372 | 1.501 | 1.426–1.581 |