Genito-anal injury patterns and associated factors in rape survivors in an urban province of South Africa: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Anal injuries by location

Anal examination^#	Total (N = 371)^*	Skin around orifice (N = 38)	Orifice (N = 29)	Sphincter/Anus (N = 16)
Scratches/abrasions/tears	30 (8.1%)	23 (60.5%)	21 (72.4%)	9 (56.3%)
Bruising	10 (2.7%)	10 (26.3%)	4 (13.8%)	3 (18.8%)
Bleeding	2 (0.5%)	1 (2.6%)	2 (6.9%)	0 (0.0%)
Swelling/tyre sign ^$	13 (3.5%)	13 (34.2%)	11 (35.5%)	3 (18.8%)
Scars from ?assault/funelling ^{^}	7 (1.9%)	5 (13.2%)	6 (20.7%)	3 (18.8%)
Redness/inflammation	16 (4.3%)	16 (42.1%)	11 (37.9%)	7 (43.8%)
Tenderness/pain	3 (0.8%)	2 (5.3%)	2 (6.9%)	2 (12.5%)

^*Total sample size includes all patients who underwent an anal examination.
^#Total number of patients who had injuries recorded at a specific site, for which type of injuries are presented in the rows. Patients could have injuries at more than one site, and could have more than one type of injury per site. Each cell in the table represents the proportion of patients who had injuries reported of a specific type at a specific site.
^$Perianal swelling in the form of a ring.
^{^}Relaxation of the external anal sphincter but not of the internal anal sphincter which results in a funnel-like appearance of the anus on physical examination. Appears with repeated abuse.

ISSN: 1472-6874