Factors mediating the impacts of child abuse and intimate partner violence on chronic pain: a cross-sectional study

Table 1 Descriptive statistics for manifest variables and indicators of latent variables (N = 299)

Variable	Measure	Mean	SD	Range	Sk	Ku	%Above cut score^a
Severity of wife abuse	CAS	26.44	19.69	1–127	1.42	2.64	96.7%^b
Severity of child abuse	CTQ-emotional	9.18	4.48	5–25	1.20	0.88	45.5% (low to severe)
	CTQ-physical	7.48	4.08	5–25	2.12	4.48	30.4% (low to severe)
	CTQ-sexual	6.85	3.59	5–25	2.67	7.76	38.5% (low to severe)
Perceived family support	MSPSS-family	8.45	2.82	4–12	−0.27	−1.22	–
PTSD symptoms	PCL-C	46.72	15.50	17–82	0.05	−0.75	75.6%
Depressive symptoms	CESD	27.63	13.15	0–60	0.18	−.68	78.6%
Chronic pain severity	CPG_intensity	52.39	27.62	0–100	−0.41	−0.61	48.2% (high disability)^c
Chronic pain severity	CPG_disability	41.74	31.80	0–100	0.125	− 1.16	48.2% (high disability)^c

^aProvided for scales where cut scores have been developed
^bA cut-off total score of 3 was used, although this may conservatively underestimate IPV as 27 items were included on the Arabic CAS versus 30 on the original scale
^cPain grade 3 or 4, consistent with high disability chronic pain
CAS Composite Abuse Scale, CTQ Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, MSPSS Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, PCL-C PTSD checklist-Civilian version, CESD Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression, CPG Chronic Pain Grade, Sk Skewness Index, Ku Kurtosis Index

ISSN: 1472-6874