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Table 1 Comparison of characteristics of premenopausal and early and late postmenopausal women

From: Flow mediated vasodilation compared with carotid intima media thickness in the evaluation of early cardiovascular damage in menopausal women and the influence of biological and psychosocial factors

 

Premenopause

women

(n = 60)

Early

postmenopause

(n = 58)

Late

postmenopause

(n = 59)

p

Age(years)

41.4 ± 5.9

52.5 ± 4.1

57.7 ± 4.7

< 0.001a, b, c

Schooling(years)

11.08 ± 3.7

7.3 ± 4.6

8.08 ± 4.6

< 0.001a, b

Parity(number)

2.4 ± 1.8

4.3 ± 2.06

3.8 ± 2.2

< 0.001a,b

Body Mass Index(kg/m2)

27.3 ± 4.3

29.3 ± 5.1

28.7 ± 4.3

0.061

Waist circumference(cm)

91.1 ± 10.5

93.6 ± 11.8

91.1 ± 11.1

0.402

Mean arterial pressure(mmHg)

82.16 ± 5.30

84.13 ± 5.38

82.99 ± 5.89

0.151

Loss of sexual interest(range 0–3)

0.73 ± 0.7

1.62 ± 1.1

1.77 ± 1.1

< 0.001a,b,c

Intensity of hot flushes(1–3)

0.23 ± 0.4

0.86 ± 0.3

0.74 ± 0.4

< 0.001a,b

Perceived stress(range 0–64)

24.4 ± 5.8

22.4 ± 5.3

25.05 ± 6.3

0.043c

Anxiety(range 0–18)

4.7 ± 3.03

6.1 ± 3.8

5.7 ± 3.6

0.062

Depressive mood(range 0–26)

5.05 ± 4.3

5.4 ± 5.1

5.3 ± 4.4

0.871

Disturbed sleep(range 0–3)

0.26 ± 0.4

0.43 ± 0.4

0.52 ± 0.5

0.012a,b

Submission(range 0–64)

18.4 ± 9.9

24.2 ± 11.6

22.9 ± 9.2

0.006a,b

Effort-reward imbalance

0.3 ± 0.1

0.4 ± 0.5

0.3 ± 0.1

0.411

Glucose(mg/dl)

87.5 ± 9.8

92.6 ± 10.2

93.05 ± 11.1

0.006a,b

Triglycerides(mg/dL)

122.3 ± 57.7

148.6 ± 60.1

155.8 ± 68.8

0.009a,b

HDL-Cholesterol(mg/dL)

47.7 ± 11.7

55.6 ± 12.01

59.6 ± 9.5

< 0.001a,b

Non HDL-Cholesterol(mg/dL)

103.6 ± 31.2

103.2 ± 27.8

126.1 ± 34.1

< 0.001b,c

Cortisol(μg/dL)

10.7 ± 4.8

12.4 ± 3.91

13.4 ± 5.8

0.181

FSH(IU/L)

12.1 ± 20.09

49.3 ± 24.7

53.4 ± 21.3

< 0.001a,b

SDNN(ms)

100.6 ± 80.2

108.9 ± 74.2

90.3 ± 44.03

0.362

rMSSD(ms)

28.6 ± 11.0

22.5 ± 8.5

27.2 ± 12.6

0.007a,c

pNN50(ms)

4.3 ± 6.2

1.6 ± 1.7

2.4 ± 2.5

0.001a,b

LF(Hz)

0.02 ± 0.01

0.04 ± 0.02

0.03 ± 0.01

0.001a,b

HF(Hz)

0.06 ± 0.02

0.09 ± 0.09

0.08 ± 0.06

0.042a

LF/HF(Hz)

0.5 ± 0.2

0.5 ± 0.2

0.5 ± 0.3

0.702

C-IMT(mm)

0.59 ± 0.1

0.71 ± 0.1

0.77 ± 0.1

< 0.001a,b,c

Flow-mediated dilatation(%)

15.4 ± 10.2

10.8 ± 6.7

9.9 ± 6.3

< 0.001a, b

  1. Data are shown as mean ± SD; high-density lipoprotein (HDL); FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone); SDNN (Standard deviation of NN intervals); rMSSD (Square root of the mean squared differences of adjacent intervals in milliseconds); pNN50 (The proportion of adjacent normal RR intervals differing more than 50 ms); LF (low frequency); HF (high frequency); C-IMT (intima –media thickness)
  2. a (Premenopause Vs Early postmenopause)
  3. b (Premenopause Vs Late postmenopause)
  4. c (Early vs late postmenopause)