Table 1 Applicability and risk of bias assessed with the adapted Newcastle Ottawa Scale
Study first author, year | Fantasia 2012 | Gee 2013 | Laanpere 2013 | Rocca 2013 | Salazar 2014 | Kazmerski 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicability of study sample | ||||||
1. Representative of the general population of women of reproductive age Is the study sample representative of the female population of reproductive age? | No | No | No | No | Yes | No |
2. Representative of the general DVA population Is the study sample truly representative of the coutry DVA population? | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | No |
Risk of bias | ||||||
I. Selection of the non-exposed group Is the non-exposed group drawn from the same population as the exposed group? | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
II. Ascertainment of exposure Was the ascertainment of exposure prospective? Was the exposure measured with a valid methos of assessment? | High | High | High | High | High | High |
III. Comparability of groups Did study control for age, socio-economic status, race/ethnicity, use of other reversible contraception methods? | High | Low | High | High | High | High |
IV. Assessment of outcome Was the ascertainment of outcome prospective? Was the outcome ascertained with a valid methos of assessment? Was the temporality of the outcome vs exposure assessed? | High | High | High | High | High | High |
Overall risk of bias for study | High | High | High | High | High | High |