The effect of prenatal counseling on breastfeeding self-efficacy and frequency of breastfeeding problems in mothers with previous unsuccessful breastfeeding: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Table 2 Comparison of the mean of self-efficacy score in mothers with Previous Unsuccessful Breastfeeding on days 15, 2 and 4 months postpartum in two groups of intervention (counseling) and control group

variables	Counseling group (n = 54) M (SD)	Control group (n = 54) M (SD)	Mean difference^a (CI =95%)^a	P
Breastfeeding self-efficacy^b 15 days	119.3 (10.5)	105.3 (16.1)	15.4 (9.4 to 21.4)	< 0.001
Breastfeeding self-efficacy^b 2 months	128.3 (8.3)	105.7 (19.7)	24.6 (17.7 to 31.5)	< 0.001
Breastfeeding self-efficacy^b 4 months	133.8 (10.3)	109.4 (24.7)	25.3 (16.7 to 34)	< 0.001
Test results of repeated measure	Mean difference (CI =95%) P 21.8 (15.3 to 28.2) < 0.001		Time & Group Effect 0.001	Time Effect 0.021

^aANCOVA Test controlled such variables as willingness to pregnancy, level of mother’s education, and wife’s level of education
^b Breastfeeding self-efficacy has 33 items and is scored on Likert spectrum with score 1 for “totally disagree” to score 5 for “totally agree”. The distance between scores is from 33 to 165, and higher scores indicate a higher level of self-efficacy in breastfeeding

ISSN: 1472-6874