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Table 5 Crude odds ratio on the association between socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics and HPV positivity

From: Prevalence of vaccine and non-vaccine human papillomavirus types among women in Accra and Kumasi, Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Parameter

n (%)

Χ2 (p value)

Î’ (p value)

OR

95% CI

Demographic characteristics

Age group, years

 

4.283 (0.232)

   

≤ 25

8 (2.5)

  

1

 

25–44

215 (67.8)

 

− 1.332 (0.108)

0.264

0.052–1.337

45–64

87 (27.4)

 

− 1.495 (0.077)

0.224

0.043–1.176

≥ 65

7 (2.2)

 

− 2.015 (0.085)

0.133

0.013–1.318

Education

 

18.878 (0.000)

   

< SHS

188 (59.3)

  

1

 

≥ SHS

129 (40.7)

 

1.014 (0.000)

2.756

1.735–4.377

Marital status

 

0.003 (0.954)

   

Married/cohabiting

205 (64.7)

 

− 0.014 (0.954)

0.986

0.620–1.569

Single/widowed/divorced

112 (35.3)

  

1

 

Occupation

 

3.117 (0.077)

   

Economically activea

275 (86.8)

 

0.620 (0.081)

1.859

0.927–3.728

Not economically activeb

42 (13.2)

  

1

 

Obstetric characteristics

Age at first pregnancy (years)

12.508 (0.028)

    

≤ 17

27 (8.5)

  

1

 

18–21

97 (30.6)

 

1.605 (0.006)

4.976

1.601–15.470

22–25

76 (24.0)

 

1.377 (0.020)

3.961

1.247–12.587

> 25

59 (18.6)

 

1.579 (0.009)

4.852

1.492–15.771

Never pregnant

37 (11.7)

 

2.021 (0.001)

7.547

2.173–26.214

Do not remember

21 (6.6)

 

1.654 (0.017)

5.227

1.336–20.450

Gravidae

 

4.114 (0.128)

   

0

37 (11.7)

  

1

 

1

36 (11.4)

 

− 0.272 (0.563)

0.762

0.303–1.915

≥ 2

244 (77.0)

 

− 0.654 (0.067)

0.520

0.259–1.046

Parity

 

3.653 (0.301)

   

0

63 (19.9)

  

1

 

1

52 (16.4)

 

− 0.438 (0.249)

0.645

0.306–1.360

2–4

162 (51.1)

 

− 0.142 (0.634)

0.868

0.485–1.555

> 5

40 (12.6)

 

− 0.699 (0.097)

0.497

0.218–1.135

  1. Bold font: p value <0.05
  2. aEconomically active—engages in paid work
  3. bNot economically active—has no paid work, pensioner or housewife